Centre for Tobacco Control Research, Social and Community Health, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2011 May;13(5):353-60. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntr002. Epub 2011 Mar 8.
Māori experience a disproportionate amount of smoking-related harm (46% of adult Māori smoke). Effective cessation treatments that are both accessible and attractive to Māori are urgently needed. Cytisine (a plant extract found in Golden Rain [Cytisus laburnum L.] and the New Zealand Kowhai [Sophora tetraptera L.] has a similar molecular makeup to nicotine, has been used successfully as a cessation product in central and eastern Europe and central Asia for many years, and is low priced. Recent reviews have found that cytisine is twice as effective as a placebo for smoking cessation. This study aimed to explore cytisine's potential as a 'rongoā Māori' (traditional Māori remedy) and its attractiveness to Māori smokers compared with other cessation products.
Māori that smoked were interviewed in two focus groups and eight individual semi-structured interviews. Two key informants were interviewed also.
Barriers to using cessation products were financial and effort cost, pervasive smoking among family and peers, environments permissive of smoking, and perceived cultural inappropriateness of treatments. Participants were very interested in cytisine, supported the idea that it would be acceptable to package it as a rongoā Māori, and all wanted to use it. Named appropriately, packaged and promoted as a Māori cessation product, participants thought cytisine would contribute to the restoration of Māori identity and traditional beliefs and practices in addition to reducing smoking.
Presented as a rongoā Māori, cytisine would likely be more attractive to Māori than currently available cessation products. Confirmation of efficacy and safety will be needed before promotion of the product could occur.
毛利人吸烟相关危害的比例过高（46%的成年毛利人吸烟）。迫切需要既容易获得又对毛利人有吸引力的有效戒烟治疗方法。烟碱（一种存在于金雨（Cytisus laburnum L.）和新西兰科怀（Sophora tetraptera L.）中的植物提取物）与尼古丁的分子结构相似，已在中东欧和中亚成功用作戒烟产品多年，价格低廉。最近的评论发现，烟碱在戒烟方面比安慰剂有效两倍。本研究旨在探索烟碱作为“传统毛利疗法”的潜力及其与其他戒烟产品相比对毛利烟民的吸引力。
对吸烟的毛利人进行了两次焦点小组和八次个别半结构化访谈。还采访了两名主要知情人。
使用戒烟产品的障碍是经济和努力成本、家庭和同伴中普遍存在的吸烟、允许吸烟的环境以及治疗方法被认为不适合文化。参与者对烟碱非常感兴趣，支持将其包装成传统毛利疗法的想法，并都希望使用它。参与者认为，如果烟碱被恰当地命名、包装和推广为毛利戒烟产品，除了减少吸烟外，它还将有助于恢复毛利人的身份和传统信仰和实践。
如果将烟碱作为传统毛利疗法呈现，它可能会比目前可用的戒烟产品更吸引毛利人。在推广该产品之前，需要确认其疗效和安全性。
