Sein Anand Jacek, Swiderska Aleksandra
Pomorskie Centrum Toksykologii, Gdańsk.
Przegl Lek. 2010;67(8):559-65.
There are no reliable studies in Poland evaluating the amount of acute intoxications by drugs, chemical substances, animal venom, plant toxins.
The aim of the study was to evaluate selected problems referring to intoxicated patients, who were given medical treatment in all hospitals having contract with National Fund of Health in 2009.
All medical interventions, in which the main diagnosis were coded as T36-T65 (with four-character subcategories) according to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision, were involved to the study. Also all poisonings with those codes put as comorbidities and positively verified by the authors, were included to the analysis.
There were 85 398 acute intoxications in Poland in 2009. In 42 002 cases there were no need of further hospital treatment. Ethanol poisonings were the most common diagnosis among patients treated in the Emergency Departments. Intoxication with drugs were dominant among patients admitted to hospitals. The average hospitalization in Toxicology Centers lasted 3,6 days while in other hospitals about 3 days. There is the high percentage of discharges on "patient's demand" (about 13% of all hospitalizations). In Toxicological Units this kind of discharges reaches up to 19%. In 2009 there were 491 deaths because of acute intoxications. It presents 1.13% of all hospitalizations. It's worth to indicate that the mortality rate in critical care departments has reached the level of 14.41%, while in Toxicology Centers the mortality rate was 1.13% in all cases and less than 4% in most severe poisonings.
在波兰，尚无可靠研究评估药物、化学物质、动物毒液、植物毒素所致急性中毒的数量。
本研究旨在评估2009年在与国家卫生基金签订合同的所有医院接受治疗的中毒患者的相关问题。
根据《国际疾病和相关健康问题统计分类》第10版，所有主要诊断编码为T36 - T65（含四位数字子类别）的医疗干预措施均纳入本研究。所有编码为合并症且经作者确认为阳性的中毒情况也纳入分析。
2009年波兰有85398例急性中毒病例。其中42002例无需进一步住院治疗。乙醇中毒是急诊科治疗患者中最常见的诊断。药物中毒在住院患者中占主导地位。毒理学中心的平均住院时间为3.6天，而其他医院约为3天。“患者要求出院”的比例较高（约占所有住院病例的13%）。在毒理学科室，此类出院比例高达19%。2009年有491例因急性中毒死亡。占所有住院病例的1.13%。值得指出的是，重症监护病房的死亡率达到了14.41%，而在毒理学中心，所有病例的死亡率为1.13%，在最严重的中毒病例中死亡率不到4%。
