Sein Anand Jacek, Swiderska Aleksandra, Pach Janusz, Burda Piotr
Zakład Toksykologii Klinicznej, Gdańskiego Uniwersytetu Medycznego.
Przegl Lek. 2011;68(8):453-8.
There are no reliable studies in Poland evaluating the scale of acute intoxications with different types of xenobiotics.
The aim of the study was to evaluate selected problems referring to the patients intoxicated with glycol and methanol, who were given the medical treatment in all Toxicological (TUs) and Intensive Care Units (ICUs), having contract with Polish National Fund of Health, in the year 2009.
All cases of acute intoxications treated in Polish hospitals in 2009 and reported to the Polish National Fund of Health were included to the analysis. To further analysis were chosen only those patients, whose main diagnosis or comorbidities were coded as T51.1 or T52.3 according to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision and, according to the state of health, patients were treated in TUs and ICUs. All the cases, in which intoxication was not the main health problem were excluded.
There were 85 398 acute intoxications in Poland in 2009, 470 of them referred to glycol and methanol poisonings. 192 patients were treated in TUs and ICUs. The most common methods of therapy in those units were extracorporeal toxin removal (60.2% in TUs and 62.5% in ICUs) and conservative treatment (39.8% in TUs and 37.5% in ICUs). The mortality rate in glycol and methanol poisonings in TUs and ICUs were 24.2%, and 56.3% respectively. In the conservatively treated group the mortality rates in TUs and ICUs were 23.5%, and 66.7% respectively, while in extracorporeal toxin removal group the mortality rates in TUs and ICUs were 24.7%, and 50% respectively. The authors also observed two regions (Maków Mazowiecki and Słubice), in which the amount of glycol and methanol intoxications was much higher than in the rest part of the country.
在波兰，尚无可靠研究评估不同类型外源性物质所致急性中毒的规模。
本研究旨在评估2009年在所有与波兰国家卫生基金有合作的毒理学单位（TUs）和重症监护病房（ICUs）接受治疗的乙二醇和甲醇中毒患者的一些相关问题。
纳入2009年在波兰医院接受治疗并上报至波兰国家卫生基金的所有急性中毒病例进行分析。仅选择那些主要诊断或合并症根据《国际疾病和相关健康问题统计分类》第10次修订版编码为T51.1或T52.3，且根据健康状况在毒理学单位和重症监护病房接受治疗的患者作进一步分析。排除所有中毒并非主要健康问题的病例。
2009年波兰有85398例急性中毒病例，其中470例为乙二醇和甲醇中毒。192例患者在毒理学单位和重症监护病房接受治疗。这些科室最常用的治疗方法是体外毒素清除（毒理学单位为60.2%，重症监护病房为62.5%）和保守治疗（毒理学单位为39.8%，重症监护病房为37.5%）。毒理学单位和重症监护病房中乙二醇和甲醇中毒的死亡率分别为24.2%和56.3%。在保守治疗组中，毒理学单位和重症监护病房的死亡率分别为23.5%和66.7%，而在体外毒素清除组中，毒理学单位和重症监护病房的死亡率分别为照组24.7%和50%。作者还观察到两个地区（马库夫马佐维茨基和斯武比采），乙二醇和甲醇中毒的数量远高于该国其他地区。
