Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95618, USA.
Trends Biotechnol. 2011 Jun;29(6):259-66. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2011.02.002. Epub 2011 Mar 8.
Recent advances mean that arrays of nearly uniform cylindrical, conical and pyramidal shaped pores can be produced in several types of substrates. Surface modification of nanopore surfaces can give unique mass transport characteristics that have recently been explored for biomolecule separation, detection and purification. Recent interest has focused on the use of nanoporous membranes for mass transfer diodes that act analogous to solid-state devices based on electron conduction. Asymmetric pores such as conical pores can show superior performance characteristics compared to traditional cylindrical pores in ion rectification. However, many phenomena for membranes with asymmetric pores still remain to be exploited in biomolecular separation, biosensing, microfluidics, logic gates, and energy harvesting and storage.
最近的进展意味着可以在几种类型的基底中制造出近乎均匀的圆柱形、圆锥形和金字塔形孔的阵列。纳米孔表面的表面修饰可以赋予独特的传质特性，这些特性最近已经被用于生物分子的分离、检测和纯化。最近的兴趣集中在使用纳米多孔膜作为质量传递二极管，其类似于基于电子传导的固态器件。与传统的圆柱形孔相比，锥形孔等非对称孔在离子整流方面可以表现出更好的性能特征。然而，在生物分子分离、生物传感、微流控、逻辑门以及能量收集和存储等领域，具有非对称孔的膜的许多现象仍有待开发。
