Nelshoppen J M, Widholm J M
University of Illinois, Urbana, IL.
Methods Mol Biol. 1990;6:413-30. doi: 10.1385/0-89603-161-6:413.
Mutant plant cell cultures can be useful in the study of the physiology and genetics of plants, as well for the improvement of crops. For recent reviews of mutant cell selection from tissue cultures, the reader is referred to Duncan and Widholm (1), Bright et al. (2), Flick (3), and Chapters 39 - 42 , in this vol. Often these mutants have been obtained through selection procedures exploiting spontaneous mutations. However, the use of mutagens in culture systems has been shown to result in higher frequencies of mutant cells. Although mutagens can increase the frequency of the desired mutation in a population of cells, the frequency of undesirable mutations would also be increased. These undesirable mutations can make the produced material unusable because of properties such as slow growth, lack of plant regeneration, and sterility. Thus, one has to weigh the benefits of mutagenesis against the detrimental effects.
突变植物细胞培养物在植物生理学和遗传学研究以及作物改良方面都可能有用。关于从组织培养中选择突变细胞的最新综述，读者可参考邓肯和维德霍尔姆（1）、布莱特等人（2）、弗利克（3）以及本卷第39 - 42章。通常，这些突变体是通过利用自发突变的选择程序获得的。然而，已证明在培养系统中使用诱变剂会导致突变细胞的频率更高。尽管诱变剂可以增加细胞群体中所需突变的频率，但不需要的突变频率也会增加。这些不需要的突变可能会使产生的材料因生长缓慢、缺乏植物再生能力和不育等特性而无法使用。因此，必须权衡诱变的益处与有害影响。
