Durand J L
University of Paris, Orsay, France.
Methods Mol Biol. 1990;6:431-41. doi: 10.1385/0-89603-161-6:431.
Mutants are a valuable tool for solving many problems in physiology, genetics, and molecular biology. Soon after cell suspension and protoplast culture emerged as techniques in plant biology, they were applied to the isolation of selectable markers that were unavailable through classical methods using whole plant systems. This field has been pioneered by Widholm in 1972 1,2, and see Chapter 38 and 40 this vol.) and reviewed several times (3-8). As far as selectable markers are concerned, mostly nuclear-coded mutations have been characterized, with theexceptionof chloroplast-encodedstreptomycinresistance (9,10) and lincomycin resistance (21). No selectable mutations are yet known for the mitochondrial genome in higher plants.
突变体是解决生理学、遗传学和分子生物学中许多问题的宝贵工具。细胞悬浮培养和原生质体培养作为植物生物学技术出现后不久，就被应用于分离通过使用完整植物系统的经典方法无法获得的选择标记。该领域由维德霍尔姆于1972年开创（参考文献1、2，另见本卷第38章和第40章），并已被多次综述（参考文献3 - 8）。就选择标记而言，除了叶绿体编码的链霉素抗性（参考文献9、10）和林可霉素抗性（参考文献21）外，大多是核编码突变已得到表征。高等植物线粒体基因组中尚未发现可选择的突变。
