Boruah D, Hazarika S
Department of Agricultural Engineering, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat-785 013, Assam, India.
J Environ Sci Eng. 2010 Jul;52(3):221-8.
Rice crop (var. Luit) was grown under controlled conditions in paper mill effluent contaminated soil and irrigated with undiluted paper mill effluent as well as normal water and compared the results against a control treatment consisting of similar unaffected soil irrigated with normal water. The effluent was alkaline (pH 7.5), containing high soluble salts (EC 2.93 dS m(-1)), chloride (600 mg L(-1)) and total dissolved solids (1875 mg L(-1)). At maximum tillering (MT) stage effluent irrigation significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the leaf numbers per hill and leaf area by 19.8 and 36.4 %, respectively. Tiller number and maximum root length were reduced by 19.3% and 12.5%, respectively at fifty percent flowering (FF) stage. Effluent irrigated crop recorded significant reduction in the dry matter production (17.5-24.9%) and grain yield (19%). Unfilled grain was increased by 10.7%. Higher concentration of sodium, calcium and magnesium in the effluent irrigated soil affected K uptake. Available soil P was lowest while available N, K, S and exchangeable and water soluble Na, K, Ca, Mg were highest in effluent irrigated soil. Chloride content found to increase (3-7 folds) while microbial biomass carbon reduced (10-37%). The adverse effect of the paper mill effluent on the crop as well as on the affected soil could be reduced significantly through normal water irrigation.
水稻品种Luit在造纸厂废水污染的土壤中进行受控条件种植，并用未稀释的造纸厂废水以及普通水灌溉，将结果与用普通水灌溉的类似未受影响土壤的对照处理进行比较。该废水呈碱性（pH值7.5），含有高可溶性盐（电导率2.93 dS m(-1)）、氯化物（600 mg L(-1)）和总溶解固体（1875 mg L(-1)）。在最大分蘖期，废水灌溉显著（P < 0.05）减少了每穴叶片数和叶面积，分别减少了19.8%和36.4%。在开花50%阶段，分蘖数和最大根长分别减少了19.3%和12.5%。废水灌溉的作物干物质产量（17.5 - 24.9%）和谷物产量（19%）显著降低。空瘪粒增加了10.7%。废水灌溉土壤中较高浓度的钠、钙和镁影响了钾的吸收。在废水灌溉土壤中，有效土壤磷含量最低，而有效氮、钾、硫以及可交换和水溶性钠、钾、钙、镁含量最高。发现氯化物含量增加（3 - 7倍），而微生物生物量碳减少（10 - 37%）。通过普通水灌溉可显著降低造纸厂废水对作物以及受影响土壤的不利影响。
