Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Centre for Biological Research-Spanish National Research Council (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
Inhal Toxicol. 2011 Feb;23(3):148-56. doi: 10.3109/08958378.2011.554460.
To evaluate the effect of cigarette smoking on oxidative and nitrosative stress, we assessed urinary levels of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), isoprostane 15-F(2t)-IsoP, thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances (TBARS), advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), dityrosine (diTyr), hydrogen peroxide, total nitrite and nitrate and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) in healthy smokers.
Fluorimetric and spectrophotometric assays were performed in urine samples of 33 healthy smokers and 58 age-matched controls.
Levels of 8-OHdG, 15-F(2t)-IsoP and AGES were found significantly higher in smokers than in controls (10.7 ng/mg Cr vs. 8.3 ng/mg Cr, 1.41 ng/mg Cr vs. 1.01 ng/mg Cr and 189 AFU/mg Cr vs. 143 AFU/mg Cr, respectively; P < 0.05 for all). Positive correlations were found between age and levels of AGEs and diTyr in smokers (r = 0.380, P < 0.035 and r = 0.418, P < 0.019, respectively) and also between age and AGEs, diTyr and TEAC in controls (r = 0.474, P < 0.001, r = 0.463, P < 0.001 and r = 0.576, P < 0.001, respectively), being this correlation negative for 8-OHdG in controls (r = -0.295, P = 0.041). Positive correlation between the number of cigarettes smoked per day and AGEs was also found (r = 0.355, P = 0.044).
Urinary 8-OHdG, 15-F(2t)-IsoP and AGEs may represent a non-invasive quantitative index of oxidant stress in healthy smokers, being AGEs a possible indicator of tobacco toxin exposure. The increased oxidative stress in healthy smokers observed may be generated because of an excessive production of reactive oxygen species and not by exhaustion of antioxidant defenses.
为了评估吸烟对氧化应激和硝化应激的影响，我们评估了健康吸烟者尿液中 8-羟基-2'-脱氧鸟苷（8-OHdG）、15-F（2t）-异前列腺素（IsoP）、硫代巴比妥酸反应物质（TBARS）、晚期糖基化终产物（AGEs）、二酪氨酸（diTyr）、过氧化氢、总亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐以及 Trolox 等效抗氧化能力（TEAC）的水平。
在 33 名健康吸烟者和 58 名年龄匹配的对照者的尿液样本中进行荧光和分光光度测定。
吸烟者尿液中的 8-OHdG、15-F（2t）-IsoP 和 AGEs 水平明显高于对照组（分别为 10.7ng/mg Cr 比 8.3ng/mg Cr、1.41ng/mg Cr 比 1.01ng/mg Cr 和 189AFU/mg Cr 比 143AFU/mg Cr；所有 P 值均<0.05）。吸烟者中年龄与 AGEs 和 diTyr 水平之间存在正相关（r=0.380，P<0.035 和 r=0.418，P<0.019），对照组中年龄与 AGEs、diTyr 和 TEAC 水平之间也存在正相关（r=0.474，P<0.001、r=0.463，P<0.001 和 r=0.576，P<0.001），而对照组中 8-OHdG 与年龄呈负相关（r=-0.295，P=0.041）。还发现每天吸烟的支数与 AGEs 之间存在正相关（r=0.355，P=0.044）。
尿液中 8-OHdG、15-F（2t）-IsoP 和 AGEs 可能代表健康吸烟者氧化应激的非侵入性定量指标，AGEs 可能是烟草毒素暴露的一个指标。观察到健康吸烟者的氧化应激增加可能是由于活性氧的过度产生而不是抗氧化防御的消耗所致。
