Spokes Paula J, Ferson Mark J, Ressler Kelly-Anne
NSW Public Health Officer Training Program, NSW Department of Health, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
J Paediatr Child Health. 2011 Aug;47(8):530-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.2011.02016.x. Epub 2011 Mar 10.
The aims of this study were to determine the level of knowledge among child-care centre directors regarding the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) recommendations for the immunisation of child-care workers, the extent to which this knowledge was translated into practice and any organisational barriers to the development and implementation of staff immunisation policy.
A cross-sectional survey, conducted in August 2006, in which a postal questionnaire was sent to a random sample of 784 NSW child-care centres. Centre directors were asked to complete the questionnaire on immunisation knowledge, policy and practice for the centre. A multivariate logistic-regression model was used to identify factors independently associated with centres with an immunisation policy for staff and centres that offered to pay all or part of the cost of vaccination of staff.
Directors from 437 centres participated in the study for a response rate of 56%. Of these, 49% were aware of the NHMRC recommendations, and 57% had a staff immunisation policy in place. In the logistic regression model, centres with a written immunisation policy for staff were more likely to be aware of the NHMRC guidelines and offer long day care services. Centres that offered to pay all or part of the cost of immunisation for staff were more likely to be aware of the NHMRC guidelines, offer other child-care services and not operate for profit. Barriers to staff immunisation were related to the implementation of policy and included cost, time and access to information.
The level of awareness of specific staff immunisation recommendations was relatively low. The transition of knowledge to policy was encouraging, although implementation of policies requires further commitment.
本研究旨在确定儿童保育中心主任对国家卫生与医学研究委员会（NHMRC）关于儿童保育工作者免疫接种建议的了解程度，将这些知识转化为实践的程度，以及制定和实施员工免疫政策的任何组织障碍。
2006年8月进行了一项横断面调查，向新南威尔士州784家儿童保育中心的随机样本发送了邮政问卷。要求中心主任填写关于中心免疫知识、政策和实践的问卷。使用多元逻辑回归模型来确定与有员工免疫政策的中心以及愿意支付员工全部或部分疫苗接种费用的中心独立相关的因素。
437家中心的主任参与了研究，回复率为56%。其中，49%的主任知晓NHMRC的建议，57%的中心制定了员工免疫政策。在逻辑回归模型中，有书面员工免疫政策的中心更有可能知晓NHMRC的指南并提供长时间日托服务。愿意支付员工全部或部分免疫费用的中心更有可能知晓NHMRC的指南，提供其他儿童保育服务且不以盈利为目的。员工免疫的障碍与政策实施有关，包括成本、时间和信息获取。
对特定员工免疫建议的知晓程度相对较低。知识向政策的转化令人鼓舞，尽管政策的实施需要进一步努力。
