Thomson J A, Kennedy R, Thompson S C
Epidemiology and Social Research Unit, Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical Research, Victoria.
Aust N Z J Public Health. 1998 Dec;22(7):832-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-842x.1998.tb01504.x.
This study examined the self-reported hepatitis A and B immunisation status of child care workers, the level of awareness among child care workers of the NHMRC recommendation for immunisation against hep. A and centre practices. A confidential mail survey was conducted in June 1996 with workers and co-ordinators from 113 randomly selected child care centres. Co-ordinators completed a questionnaire on the centre's characteristics and immunisation policy. Child care workers completed a second questionnaire on their immunisation knowledge or beliefs and immunisation status. Ninety-five centres (85%) and 607 (74%) workers participated. Only 11% of workers were vaccinated against hep. A, although the majority of child care worker respondents believed their occupation placed them at increased risk. Those vaccinated were more likely to be aware of the availability of hep. A vaccine, of the NHMRC recommendation for hep. A vaccination, and to have been vaccinated for hep. B. Centres in which co-ordinators perceived hep. A vaccination as important, and those which recorded staff immunisation, particularly hep. A, were more likely to have child care workers who were vaccinated against hep. A. In contrast, nearly two-thirds of child care workers reported that they were vaccinated against hep. B, although hep. B is not routinely recommended by the NHMRC for child care workers. These findings show a need for further policy and educational initiatives in the implementation of an immunisation strategy for child care workers.
本研究调查了儿童保育工作者自我报告的甲型和乙型肝炎免疫状况、儿童保育工作者对澳大利亚国家卫生与医学研究委员会（NHMRC）关于甲型肝炎免疫接种建议的知晓程度以及各中心的做法。1996年6月对113个随机抽取的儿童保育中心的工作人员和协调员进行了一次保密邮件调查。协调员填写了一份关于中心特征和免疫政策的问卷。儿童保育工作者填写了另一份关于他们的免疫知识或信念以及免疫状况的问卷。95个中心（85%）和607名（74%）工作人员参与了调查。只有11%的工作人员接种了甲型肝炎疫苗，尽管大多数参与调查的儿童保育工作者认为他们的职业使他们面临更高的风险。接种疫苗的人更有可能知晓甲型肝炎疫苗的可获得性、NHMRC关于甲型肝炎疫苗接种的建议，并且接种过乙型肝炎疫苗。协调员认为甲型肝炎疫苗接种很重要的中心，以及记录了工作人员免疫接种情况（特别是甲型肝炎）的中心，更有可能有接种了甲型肝炎疫苗的儿童保育工作者。相比之下，近三分之二的儿童保育工作者报告称他们接种了乙型肝炎疫苗，尽管NHMRC并未常规建议儿童保育工作者接种乙型肝炎疫苗。这些研究结果表明，在为儿童保育工作者实施免疫战略方面，需要进一步出台政策和开展教育举措。
