University of Malawi, Lilongwe Malawi.
Health Educ Behav. 2011 Apr;38(2):159-70. doi: 10.1177/1090198110378588. Epub 2011 Mar 10.
This study used a quasi-experimental design to evaluate a six-session peer group intervention for HIV prevention among rural adults in Malawi. Two rural districts were randomly assigned to intervention and control conditions. Independent random samples of community adults compared the districts at baseline and at 6 and 18 months postintervention. Using multiple regressions controlling for six demographic factors, intervention district adults had significantly more favorable outcomes at 6- and 18-month evaluations for condom attitudes, self-efficacy for community prevention, self-efficacy for practicing safer sex, partner communication, using condoms ever in the past 2 months, and community prevention activities. Knowledge and hope for controlling the epidemic were significantly higher in the intervention district only at the 6-month evaluation; having a recent HIV test was significantly higher only at 18 months. Levels of stigma and the number of risky sex practices did not decrease when demographic factors were controlled. Expanding peer group intervention for HIV prevention would benefit rural adults.
本研究采用准实验设计，评估了一项针对马拉维农村成年人的为期六节的同伴群体干预措施，以预防艾滋病毒。两个农村地区被随机分配到干预组和对照组。社区成年人的独立随机样本在基线和干预后 6 个月和 18 个月时对两个地区进行了比较。采用多元回归控制了六个人口统计学因素，在 6 个月和 18 个月的评估中，干预区成年人在 condom 态度、社区预防自我效能、实践安全性行为的自我效能、伴侣沟通、过去 2 个月内使用 condom 的情况以及社区预防活动方面的结果明显更为有利。只有在 6 个月的评估中，干预区的知识和控制疫情的希望显著提高；只有在 18 个月时，最近的 HIV 检测才显著更高。在控制人口统计学因素的情况下，污名化程度和危险性行为的数量并没有减少。扩大同伴群体干预措施以预防艾滋病毒将使农村成年人受益。
