Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida 32209, USA.
Retina. 2011 Jun;31(6):1128-36. doi: 10.1097/IAE.0b013e3181fe543a.
Vital dyes such as infracyanine green (IfCG), brilliant blue green (BBG), and bromophenol blue (BPB) have been used as an alternative to indocyanine green (ICG) during chromovitrectomy. We compared the in vitro toxicity of IfCG, BBG, and BPB with ICG on the retinal pigment epithelial cells and retinal ganglion cells at various concentrations to optimize the safe dose and duration of exposure.
Cultured retinal ganglion cells (RGC-5) and human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19) were exposed to 2 concentrations (0.25 and 0.5 mg/mL) of ICG, IfCG, BBG, and BPB at various time intervals (1, 5, 15, and 30 minutes). Cell viability was quantified with neutral red assay, and mode of cell death was evaluated with flow cytometry-based Annexin V and propidium iodide staining.
Exposure to ICG resulted in 48%-74% reduction in neutral red uptake in both RGC-5 and ARPE-19 cells, after an exposure time of ≥5 minutes compared with control (P < 0.001). Infracyanine green, BBG, and BPB were significantly less toxic on the 2 cell lines at exposure times <15 minutes. (Reduction in cell viability ranged from 6.9% ± 3.3% to 29.3% ± 7.4% when compared with control, P > 0.5.) However, among the newer dyes, BBG caused necrosis in retinal pigment epithelial cells and retinal ganglion cells as the exposure time period increased beyond 5 minutes.
Newer vital dyes, IfCG, BBG, and BPB, are significantly less toxic on retinal ganglion cells and retinal pigment epithelial cells' cell lines when compared with ICG. Infracyanine green was least toxic among the three newer dyes studied.
在彩色玻璃体内切除术中，生命染料如亚甲蓝（IfCG）、亮蓝绿（BBG）和溴酚蓝（BPB）已被用作吲哚菁绿（ICG）的替代品。我们比较了不同浓度下 IfCG、BBG 和 BPB 与 ICG 对视网膜色素上皮细胞和视网膜神经节细胞的体外毒性，以优化安全剂量和暴露时间。
培养的视网膜神经节细胞（RGC-5）和人视网膜色素上皮细胞（ARPE-19）暴露于 2 种浓度（0.25 和 0.5 mg/mL）的 ICG、IfCG、BBG 和 BPB 中，暴露时间间隔为 1、5、15 和 30 分钟。通过中性红测定法测定细胞活力，通过流式细胞术检测 Annexin V 和碘化丙啶染色评估细胞死亡方式。
与对照组相比，ICG 暴露≥5 分钟后，RGC-5 和 ARPE-19 细胞的中性红摄取量减少了 48%-74%（P<0.001）。在 15 分钟内，Infracyanine green、BBG 和 BPB 对这 2 种细胞系的毒性明显较小。（与对照组相比，细胞活力降低范围为 6.9%±3.3%至 29.3%±7.4%，P>0.5）。然而，在较新的染料中，随着暴露时间超过 5 分钟，BBG 导致视网膜色素上皮细胞和视网膜神经节细胞坏死。
与 ICG 相比，新型生命染料 IfCG、BBG 和 BPB 对视网膜神经节细胞和视网膜色素上皮细胞系的毒性明显较小。在研究的三种新型染料中，Infracyanine green 的毒性最小。
