Department of Preventive Medicine and Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 911-1 Mok-6-Dong, Yangcheon-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Environ Res. 2011 May;111(4):539-44. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2011.02.014. Epub 2011 Mar 12.
During prenatal development, the nervous system may be more susceptible to environmental toxicants, such as secondhand smoke. The authors assessed the effects of prenatal and postnatal secondhand smoke exposure on the neurodevelopment of 6-month infants. The subjects were 414 mother and infant pairs with no medical problems, taken from the Mothers' and Children's Environmental Health study. Prenatal and postnatal exposures to secondhand smoke were determined using maternal self-reports. Examiners, unaware of exposure history, assessed the infants at 6 months of age using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. Bayley scores were compared for secondhand smoke exposed and unexposed groups after adjusting for potential confounders. Multiple logistic regression analysis was carried out to estimate the risk of developmental delay posed by SHS exposure. The multivariate model included residential area, maternal age, pre-pregnancy body mass index, education, income, infant sex, parity, birth weight, and type of feeding. After adjusting for covariates, secondhand smoke exposure during pregnancy was found to be related to a decrease in mental developmental index score, but not to a decrease in psychomotor developmental index score. In addition, secondhand smoke exposure during pregnancy was found to increase the risk of developmental delay (mental developmental index score ≤85) at 6 months. This study suggests that the infants of non-smoking women exposed to secondhand smoke are at risk of neurodevelopmental delay.
在产前发育过程中，神经系统可能更容易受到环境毒素的影响，例如二手烟。作者评估了产前和产后二手烟暴露对 6 个月大婴儿神经发育的影响。研究对象为 414 对母婴，无任何健康问题，来自母亲和儿童环境健康研究。通过母亲的自我报告来确定产前和产后二手烟的暴露情况。评估员在婴儿 6 个月大时，根据贝利婴幼儿发展量表进行评估，他们并不知道暴露史。在调整潜在混杂因素后，比较了二手烟暴露组和未暴露组的贝利评分。进行多变量逻辑回归分析，以估计 SHS 暴露对发育迟缓的风险。多变量模型包括居住地区、母亲年龄、孕前体重指数、教育程度、收入、婴儿性别、产次、出生体重和喂养方式。在调整了混杂因素后，发现怀孕期间接触二手烟与精神发育指数评分下降有关，但与精神运动发育指数评分下降无关。此外，怀孕期间接触二手烟会增加 6 个月时发育迟缓（精神发育指数评分≤85）的风险。这项研究表明，不吸烟的女性的婴儿如果接触二手烟，可能存在神经发育迟缓的风险。
