Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response, Department of Health and Human Services, USA.
Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2011 Mar;5 Suppl 1:S54-64. doi: 10.1001/dmp.2011.12.
A nuclear detonation in a US city would have profound psychological, social, and behavioral effects. This article reviews the scientific literature on human responses to radiation incidents and disasters in general, and examines potential behavioral health care provider (BHCP) contributions in the hours and days after a nuclear detonation. In the area directly affected by the blast, the immediate overarching goal of BHCP interventions is the support of lifesaving activities and the prevention of additional casualties from fallout. These interventions include 6 broad categories: promoting appropriate protective actions, discouraging dangerous behaviors, managing patient/survivor flow to facilitate the best use of scarce resources, supporting first responders, assisting with triage, and delivering palliative care when appropriate. At more distant sites, BHCP should work with medical providers to support hospitalized survivors of the detonation. Recommendations are also made on BHCP interventions later in the response phase and during recovery.
美国城市发生核爆炸将产生深远的心理、社会和行为影响。本文回顾了关于人类对辐射事件和一般灾害反应的科学文献，并研究了核爆炸后数小时和数天内潜在的行为健康护理提供者（BHCP）的贡献。在爆炸直接影响的区域，BHCP 干预的首要总体目标是支持救生活动并防止因放射性沉降物而造成更多伤亡。这些干预措施包括 6 个广泛的类别：促进采取适当的防护行动，劝阻危险行为，管理患者/幸存者的流动，以促进最有效地利用稀缺资源，支持第一响应者，协助分诊，并在适当情况下提供姑息治疗。在更远的地方，BHCP 应与医疗提供者合作，为爆炸的幸存者提供住院治疗。还就应对阶段和恢复阶段的 BHCP 干预措施提出了建议。
