Coherent optical phonons of ZnO under near resonant photoexcitation.

Ultrafast electron-phonon coupling dynamics in ZnO are investigated by degenerate pump-probe reflectivity measurements using near resonant 400 nm light. Because of the below-gap excitation, photocarriers are excited primarily from deep levels of intrinsic point defects. At least six coherent phonon modes, including two E(2) modes and their combination, longitudinal optical (LO) mode and its overtone (2LO), are observed. Unlike the previous resonant Raman studies using 325 nm light, the intensity of the polar LO phonons is only moderately enhanced by the Fröhlich interaction. The non-polar E(2) phonons decay considerably faster than under visible excitation, indicative of strong deformation potential interaction with photocarriers. The overdamped oscillation centered at around 20 THz is tentatively attributed to the upper branch of the plasmon-phonon coupled mode. The pump-polarization dependence of the phonon amplitudes is consistent with the impulsive Raman generation.