Department of Psychology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks 58202-8380, USA.
J Gen Psychol. 2011 Jan-Mar;138(1):35-48. doi: 10.1080/00221309.2010.532522.
Delay discounting occurs when individuals are increasingly willing to accept less than the full amount of something to receive it immediately as the delay to the full amount increases. Previous research has reported different "domains" of commodities, with discounting in one domain not being informative about discounting in another. In the present study, 283 participants completed a delay-discounting task with 1 of 2 sets of 5 commodities identical to those used in previous research (Weatherly, Terrell, & Derenne, 2010). Confirmatory factor analyses determined that the observed discounting conformed to previously reported domains. Also replicated was finding that discounting differs both as a function of commodity and how the commodity is framed. These results provide strong support for the idea that temporal decisions made about certain consequences may not necessarily be informative about how an individual will make decisions about other consequences. Also, the framing of the decision can significantly influence observed levels of discounting, potentially clouding interpretation.
当个体随着延迟时间的增加，越来越愿意接受少于全部金额的部分金额以立即获得时，就会发生延迟折扣。先前的研究报告了不同的商品“领域”，一个领域的折扣并不表示另一个领域的折扣。在本研究中，283 名参与者完成了一项延迟折扣任务，使用了与之前研究中相同的 2 组 5 种商品之一（Weatherly、Terrell 和 Derenne，2010）。验证性因素分析确定观察到的折扣符合先前报告的领域。还复制了这样一种发现，即折扣不仅作为商品的函数而有所不同，而且商品的呈现方式也有所不同。这些结果强烈支持这样一种观点，即关于某些后果的时间决策不一定能说明个体将如何对其他后果做出决策。此外，决策的呈现方式会显著影响观察到的折扣水平，可能会使解释变得模糊。
