School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
J Phys Condens Matter. 2011 Mar 2;23(8):083001. doi: 10.1088/0953-8984/23/8/083001. Epub 2011 Feb 3.
The deposition of nanoparticles from solution onto solid substrates is a diverse subfield of current nanoscience research. Complex physical and chemical processes underpin the self-assembly and self-organization of colloidal nanoparticles at two-phase (solid-liquid, liquid-air) interfaces and three-phase (solid-liquid-air) contact lines. This review discusses key recent advances made in the understanding of nonequilibrium dewetting processes of nanoparticle-containing solutions, detailing how such an apparently simple experimental system can give rise to such a strikingly varied palette of two-dimensional self-organized nanoparticle array morphologies. Patterns discussed include worm-like domains, cellular networks, microscale rings, and fractal-like fingering structures. There remain many unresolved issues regarding the role of the solvent dewetting dynamics in assembly processes of this type, with a significant focus on how dewetting can be coerced to produce nanoparticle arrays with desirable characteristics such as long-range order. In addition to these topics, methods developed to control nanofluid dewetting through routes such as confining the geometries of drying solutions, depositing onto pre-patterned heterogeneous substrates, and post-dewetting pattern evolution via local or global manipulation are covered.
从溶液中向固体基底上沉积纳米颗粒是当前纳米科学研究的一个多样化分支。胶体纳米颗粒在固-液（液-气）两相和固-液-气三相接触线处的自组装和自组织过程涉及复杂的物理和化学过程。本综述讨论了对含纳米颗粒溶液非平衡去湿过程理解方面的最新进展，详细介绍了如此简单的实验系统如何产生如此多样的二维自组织纳米颗粒阵列形态。讨论的图案包括蠕虫状畴、细胞网络、微尺度环和分形状指状结构。关于溶剂去湿动力学在这种类型的组装过程中的作用仍存在许多未解决的问题，重点关注如何强制去湿以产生具有长程有序等理想特性的纳米颗粒阵列。除了这些主题之外，还涵盖了通过限制干燥溶液的几何形状、在预先图案化的异质基底上沉积以及通过局部或全局处理进行后去湿图案演化等途径控制纳米流体去湿的方法。
