Friestad Christine
Centre for Forensic Psychiatry, Psychiatric Division Ullevaal, Oslo University Hospital, Norway.
Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol. 2012 May;56(3):465-82. doi: 10.1177/0306624X11402945. Epub 2011 Mar 20.
Most structured sex-offender programs are based on a cognitive-behavioural model of behaviour change. Within this overarching theoretical paradigm, extensive use of cognitive distortions is seen as a central core symptom among sex offenders. However, the literature on cognitive distortions lacks a clear and consistent definition of the term. It is unclear whether cognitive distortions are consciously employed excuses or unconscious processes serving to protect the offender from feelings of guilt or shame. In this article, the dominant cognitive-behavioural interpretation of cognitive distortions is contrasted with two alternative interpretations. One is based on an attributional perspective and the notion of attributional biases. The other explanation is based on a narrative approach focusing on the action elements of cognitive distortions, that is, as something people do rather than something they have. Clinical implications of these alternative conceptualizations are discussed and illustrated throughout by a case example.
大多数结构化性犯罪者矫治项目都基于行为改变的认知行为模型。在这个总体理论范式中，认知歪曲的广泛存在被视为性犯罪者的一个核心症状。然而，关于认知歪曲的文献缺乏对该术语清晰一致的定义。目前尚不清楚认知歪曲是有意识使用的借口，还是无意识的过程，其作用是保护犯罪者免受内疚或羞耻感的影响。在本文中，对认知歪曲的主流认知行为解释与另外两种替代性解释进行了对比。一种基于归因视角和归因偏差的概念。另一种解释基于叙事方法，侧重于认知歪曲的行为要素，即认知歪曲是人们所做之事而非他们所具有的东西。本文通过一个案例示例对这些替代性概念化的临床意义进行了讨论和说明。
