School of Environment, THU - VEOLIA Joint Research Center for Advanced Environmental Technology, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China.
Environ Sci Technol. 2011 Apr 15;45(8):3341-8. doi: 10.1021/es200248d. Epub 2011 Mar 23.
The occurrence of 12 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in two wastewater treatment plants in Beijing was studied monthly over the course of one year. The removal of PPCPs by three biological treatment processes including conventional activated sludge (CAS), biological nutrient removal (BNR), and membrane bioreactor (MBR) was compared during different seasons. Seasonal variations of PPCPs in the wastewater influent were discrepant, while in the wastewater effluent, most PPCPs had lower concentrations in the summer than in the winter. For the easily biodegradable PPCPs, the performance of MBR was demonstrated to be more stable than CAS or BNR especially during winter months. Diclofenac, trimethoprim, metoprolol, and gemfibrozil could be moderately removed by MBR, while their removal by CAS and BNR was much lower or even negligible. Nevertheless, no removal was achieved regardless of the season or the treatment processes for the recalcitrant PPCPs. Studies on the contribution of each tank of the MBR process to the total removal of four biodegradable PPCPs indicated the oxic tank was the most important unit, whereas membrane filtration made a negligible contribution to their elimination.
研究了北京两座污水处理厂一年内每月一次的十二种药品和个人护理产品（PPCPs）的出现情况。比较了传统活性污泥（CAS）、生物脱氮（BNR）和膜生物反应器（MBR）三种生物处理工艺对 PPCPs 的去除效果，结果表明，在不同季节，废水进水的 PPCPs 季节性变化存在差异，而在废水出水时，大多数 PPCPs 在夏季的浓度低于冬季。对于易生物降解的 PPCPs，MBR 的性能比 CAS 或 BNR 更稳定，尤其是在冬季。MBR 可以适度去除双氯芬酸、甲氧苄啶、美托洛尔和吉非贝齐，而 CAS 和 BNR 对它们的去除率较低甚至可以忽略不计。然而，对于难生物降解的 PPCPs，无论季节或处理工艺如何，都无法去除。对 MBR 工艺各池对四种可生物降解 PPCPs 总去除率的研究表明，好氧池是最重要的单元，而膜过滤对其去除率贡献甚微。
