Department of Pharmacology, Government College of Pharmacy, Vidyanagar, Karad, Maharashtra, India.
Pharm Biol. 2011 Apr;49(4):354-61. doi: 10.3109/13880209.2010.517211.
Alocasia indica Schott (Araceae) is used in several regions of India, especially in rural communities, by traditional medicine practitioners to treat diarrhea. However, no scientific data are available to justify the traditional potentials of the plant species in gastrointestinal disorders.
To evaluate the antidiarrheal and in vitro antiprotozoal activities of extracts of leaves of Alocasia indica using various pharmacological models.
In vitro antidiarrheal activity of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Alocasia indica was evaluated against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Shigella flexneri and Staphylococcus aureus by agar well diffusion method. In vivo antidiarrheal activity of the extracts was studied against recinolic acid-induced diarrhea and magnesium sulfate-induced diarrhea. The effect of the extracts on normal intestinal transit, recinolic acid-induced intestinal transit, recinolic acid-induced intestinal fluid accumulation (enteropooling) and gastric emptying was assessed. In vitro antiprotozoal activity of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Alocasia indica was studied against Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia intestinalis.
The aqueous and ethanol extracts exhibited significant in vitro antidiarrheal activity compared to the standard drug ciprofloxacine (10 µg/mL). The plant extracts showed significant (P <0.05) and dose-dependent antidiarrheal activity comparable to that of the reference drug, loperamide (10 mg/kg). The plant extracts exhibited significant in vitro antiprotozoal activity against both protozoa compared to the standard amebicidal and giardicidal drugs, metronidazole and emetine.
The results showed that the extracts of Alocasia indica have significant antidiarrheal and in vitro antiprotozoal activities which support its use in traditional herbal medicine practice.
印度的几个地区，尤其是农村社区，传统医学从业者会使用印度海芋（天南星科）来治疗腹泻。然而，目前尚无科学数据可以证明该植物物种在胃肠道疾病方面的传统潜力。
使用各种药理学模型评估印度海芋叶的提取物的抗腹泻和体外抗原生动物活性。
采用琼脂孔扩散法，评估印度海芋的水提物和醇提物对大肠杆菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、福氏志贺菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的体外抗腹泻活性。通过蓖麻油酸诱导腹泻和硫酸镁诱导腹泻研究提取物的体内抗腹泻活性。评估提取物对正常肠道转运、蓖麻油酸诱导的肠道转运、蓖麻油酸诱导的肠道液体积累（肠液积聚）和胃排空的影响。研究印度海芋的水提物和醇提物对溶组织内阿米巴和肠道贾第鞭毛虫的体外抗原生动物活性。
与标准药物环丙沙星（10µg/mL）相比，水提物和醇提物均表现出显著的体外抗腹泻活性。植物提取物表现出显著（P<0.05）且呈剂量依赖性的抗腹泻活性，与参考药物洛哌丁胺（10mg/kg）相当。与标准抗阿米巴和驱贾第鞭毛虫药物甲硝唑和依米丁相比，植物提取物对两种原生动物均表现出显著的体外抗原生动物活性。
结果表明，印度海芋的提取物具有显著的抗腹泻和体外抗原生动物活性，支持其在传统草药医学实践中的应用。
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