Frost R, Feldman L B, Katz L
Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 1990 Jul;16(4):569-80. doi: 10.1037//0278-7393.16.4.569.
Three experiments in Serbo-Croatian were conducted on the effects of phonological ambiguity and lexical ambiguity on printed word recognition. Subjects decided rapidly if a printed and a spoken word matched or not. Printed words were either phonologically ambiguous (two possible pronunciations) or unambiguous. If phonologically ambiguous, either both pronunciations were real words or only one was, the other being a nonword. Spoken words were necessarily unambiguous. Half the spoken words were auditorily degraded. In addition, the relative onsets of speech and print were varied. Speed of matching print to speech was slowed by phonological ambiguity, and the effect was amplified when the stimulus was also lexically ambiguous. Auditory degradation did not interact with print ambiguity, suggesting that perception of the spoken word was independent of the printed word.
我们进行了三项塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语实验，研究语音歧义和词汇歧义对印刷文字识别的影响。受试者要迅速判断一个印刷文字和一个口头说出的文字是否匹配。印刷文字要么存在语音歧义（有两种可能的发音），要么没有歧义。如果存在语音歧义，那么两种发音要么都是真实词汇，要么只有一种是真实词汇，另一种是非词汇。口头说出的文字必定没有歧义。其中一半口头说出的文字存在听觉失真。此外，语音和印刷文字的相对起始时间也有所不同。语音歧义会减慢印刷文字与语音匹配的速度，当刺激同时存在词汇歧义时，这种影响会被放大。听觉失真与印刷文字的歧义没有相互作用，这表明对口头说出文字的感知独立于印刷文字。
