Yu P
PUMC Hospital, Beijing.
Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao. 1990 Apr;12(2):146-9.
From January 1956 to December 1985, 1316 cases of gallstones were operated in our hospital. Among them, gallbladder stones accounted for 43.2%, common dile duct stones 34.6% and intrahepatic stones 22.2%. Hospital deaths occurred in 59 cases, with a mortality rate of 4.5%, and this was obviously decreased to 2.4% in the last decade. Operative risk factors included: high-age with major organ diseases; acute biliary infections, especially acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis (AOSC); reoperations etc. Control of these factors is the key to reducing the motality rate. Mortality due to cholecystectomy has dropped considerably in recent years. The main causes of death after operations for common bile duct stones is septic shock due to AOSC. Thus, early diagnosis and surgical treatment of common bile duct stones are very important in reducing the incidence of acute biliary infection and AOSC. If these occur, biliary drainage should be done as soon as possible. The main causes of death after operations for intrahepatic stones were stubborn biliary infection due to residual stones or biliary stenosis and hepatic failure due to biliary cirrhosis. It must be emphasized that the treatment of intrahepatic stones should be early and complete. Operative procedures should be determined according to individual conditions.
1956年1月至1985年12月,我院共施行胆结石手术1316例。其中,胆囊结石占43.2%,胆总管结石占34.6%,肝内结石占22.2%。住院死亡59例,死亡率为4.5%,近十年明显降至2.4%。手术危险因素包括:高龄伴重要脏器疾病;急性胆道感染,尤其是急性梗阻性化脓性胆管炎(AOSC);再次手术等。控制这些因素是降低死亡率的关键。近年来,胆囊切除术的死亡率已大幅下降。胆总管结石手术后的主要死亡原因是AOSC所致的感染性休克。因此,胆总管结石的早期诊断和手术治疗对于降低急性胆道感染和AOSC的发生率非常重要。一旦发生,应尽早进行胆道引流。肝内结石手术后的主要死亡原因是残留结石或胆管狭窄所致的顽固性胆道感染以及胆汁性肝硬化所致的肝功能衰竭。必须强调的是,肝内结石的治疗应尽早且彻底。手术方式应根据个体情况确定。