Faculty of Education, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa.
Environ Health Prev Med. 2001 Apr;6(1):33-40. doi: 10.1007/BF02897307.
The purpose of this study was to clarify the application range and utility of an ADL index for disabled elderly people (Demura et al., 2000), by examining the ADL characteristics of an elderly population when this index was applied to disabled and independent elderly people. Subjects of this study were 697 Japanese institutionalized disabled elderly people and 482 independent elderly people (ID) living at home. Disabled elderly people were classified into four groups based on condition of use of assisting devices for movement; D1 did not use assisting devices; D2 used a stick or a walker; D3 used a wheelchair; D4 was immobile. From the findings of comparing achievement proportions, ADL score and the distribution of total score among elderly groups, it was suggested that this ADL index can assess gradually from disabled elderly people who cannot move to independent elderly people. Since this index classifies independent elderly people and disabled elderly people with high probability, it can evaluate if elderly people can maintain a functional level needed for independent living, and can recognize the symptoms of disability. Furthermore, this study proposed useful activities to discriminate the functional level for each elderly group. Although it is important to comprehensively assess ADL ability, further use of this ADL index to discriminate the functional level of an elderly population, by making use of these useful activities, is expected.
本研究旨在通过考察该日常生活活动（ADL）指数在残疾和自理老年人中的应用，明确该 ADL 指数在残疾老年人中的适用范围和效用（Demura 等人，2000 年）。本研究的对象为 697 名日本机构内的残疾老年人和 482 名居家自理老年人。根据残疾老年人使用移动辅助器具的情况，将其分为 4 组：D1 不使用辅助器具；D2 使用手杖或助行器；D3 使用轮椅；D4 无法移动。通过比较各组老年人的达标率、ADL 得分和总分分布，结果表明，该 ADL 指数可以从无法移动的残疾老年人逐渐评估到自理老年人。由于该指数能够以较高的准确率对自理老年人和残疾老年人进行分类，因此它可以评估老年人是否能够维持独立生活所需的功能水平，并识别残疾的症状。此外，本研究还提出了一些有用的活动来区分每个老年人组的功能水平。虽然全面评估 ADL 能力很重要，但通过利用这些有用的活动，进一步使用该 ADL 指数来区分老年人群体的功能水平是值得期待的。
