Life-long Sports Core, Kanazawa Institute of Technology, 7-1 Ohgigaoka, 921-8501, Nonoichi, Ishikawa, Japan,
Environ Health Prev Med. 2001 Jul;6(2):92-6. doi: 10.1007/BF02897952.
Age and gender differences in ADL ability were investigated using 568 Japanese partially dependent older people (PD, Mean age=82.2±7.76 years) living in welfare institutions. The subjects were asked about 17 ADL items representing 7 ADL domains by the professional staff working at subjects' institutions. Each item was assessed by a dichotomous scale of "possible" or "impossible". Item proportions of "possible" response were calculated for gender and age groups (60s, 70s, 80s and 90s). Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the arcsine transformation method indicated no gender differences. Significant decreases in ADL ability with aging were found in 13 of the 17 items. The dependency of ADL in the PD significantly increases with aging, and there is no significant difference in this trend between men and women. The dependency of more difficult activities using lower limb increase from the 70s, and independency of low-difficult activities such as manual activities, feeding and changing posture while lying is maintained until the 80s and over.
本研究使用 568 名居住在福利机构中的部分依赖老年人（PD）（平均年龄=82.2±7.76 岁）调查了日常生活活动能力（ADL）的年龄和性别差异。专业人员询问了受试者在机构中所进行的 17 项 ADL 项目，涵盖了 7 个 ADL 领域。每个项目都通过“可能”或“不可能”的二分法进行评估。按照性别和年龄组（60 岁、70 岁、80 岁和 90 岁以上）计算“可能”回答的项目比例。使用反正弦变换方法的双因素方差分析（ANOVA）显示，性别之间没有差异。在 17 项中的 13 项中发现 ADL 能力随年龄增长显著下降。PD 的 ADL 依赖性随着年龄的增长显著增加，并且男性和女性之间没有这种趋势的显著差异。使用下肢的更困难活动的依赖性从 70 岁开始增加，而手动活动、进食和躺着改变姿势等低难度活动的独立性则保持到 80 岁以上。
