巴勒斯坦西岸农场工人对农药使用的认知和实践：安全影响。
Knowledge and practices of pesticide use among farm workers in the West Bank, Palestine: safety implications.
机构信息
Poison Control and Drug Information Center (PCDIC), College of Pharmacy, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
出版信息
Environ Health Prev Med. 2010 Jul;15(4):252-61. doi: 10.1007/s12199-010-0136-3. Epub 2010 Mar 10.
OBJECTIVES
The objectives of this study were to assess the knowledge and practices associated with pesticide use in an agricultural community in Palestine, and to determine the prevalence of self-reported health symptoms related to pesticide exposure.
METHODS
In this cross-sectional questionnaire study, agricultural farm workers in Nablus district, Palestine, were interviewed on their knowledge and practices of pesticide use. Comparisons of knowledge and practices of pesticide use between various groups were performed using the Mann-Whitney U-test or the Kruskal-Wallis rank test of variance. The program of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 15 was used for data analysis.
RESULTS
The questionnaire was completed by 381 farm workers. The mean age ± SD of the participants was 38.8 ± 11.8 years. The majority (97.9%) of the participants were male. The mean participant scores for knowledge and safety procedures were 2.8 ± 3.2 out of 8 and 9.8 ± 2.4 out of 15, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation (r = 0.323; P < 0.001) between the knowledge and safety procedure scores. Unsafe behaviors were identified as the storage of pesticide products at home, the preparation of pesticides in the kitchen, inadequate disposal of empty pesticide containers, eating and drinking during pesticide application, and using inadequate protective clothing. The most frequent self-reported toxicity symptoms associated with pesticide use were skin rash (37.5%), headache (37%), excessive sweating (24.9%), and diarrhea (21.3%). There was a strong significant negative correlation (r = -0.83; P < 0.001) between self-reported toxicity symptoms and scores for protective measures.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study indicate that most farm workers in this district need more educational programs regarding the safety and use of pesticides. Legislation promoting the use of safer pesticides is also needed.
目的
本研究旨在评估巴勒斯坦一个农业社区与农药使用相关的知识和实践，并确定与农药接触相关的自我报告健康症状的患病率。
方法
在这项横断面问卷调查研究中，对纳布卢斯地区的农业农场工人进行了有关农药使用知识和实践的访谈。使用 Mann-Whitney U 检验或 Kruskal-Wallis 方差秩检验对不同组之间的农药使用知识和实践进行比较。数据分析使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）版本 15 程序。
结果
共有 381 名农场工人完成了问卷。参与者的平均年龄±标准差为 38.8±11.8 岁。大多数（97.9%）参与者为男性。参与者的知识和安全程序平均得分分别为 8 分中的 2.8±3.2 分和 15 分中的 9.8±2.4 分。知识和安全程序得分之间存在显著正相关（r=0.323；P<0.001）。不安全行为包括在家中储存农药产品、在厨房中配制农药、处理空农药容器不当、在施药期间进食和饮水以及使用不当的防护服。与农药使用相关的最常见自我报告毒性症状是皮疹（37.5%）、头痛（37%）、过度出汗（24.9%）和腹泻（21.3%）。自我报告的毒性症状与保护措施得分之间存在强烈的显著负相关（r=-0.83；P<0.001）。
结论
本研究结果表明，该地区的大多数农场工人需要更多有关农药安全和使用的教育计划。还需要制定促进使用更安全农药的法规。
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