Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea.
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011 Apr;139(4 Suppl):e361-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2009.07.017.
The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the length of the lingual frenulum and craniofacial morphology and test the hypothesis that skeletal Class III malocclusion is related to tongue-tie, in which the lingual frenulum is short and restricts the mobility of the tongue.
The sample consisted of 50 skeletal Class I patients (0° < ANB angle < 4°), 50 skeletal Class II patients (ANB angle > 4°), and 50 skeletal Class III patients (ANB angle <0°). Direct and indirect measuring methods were used to quantify the length of the lingual frenulum. The median lingual frenulum length was measured directly with a lingual frenulum ruler. It was evaluated indirectly by measuring the differences between the maximum mouth opening with and without the tip of the tongue touching the incisive papilla. A lateral cephalogram was taken for each subject and a computerized cephalometric analysis was used to assess the cranial morphology. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the differences among the 3 groups. The Pearson correlation analysis was used to detect any relationship between the lingual frenulum length and cephalometric variables.
The median lingual frenulum length was significantly longer in the skeletal Class III subjects compared with the skeletal Class I and Class II subjects. The maximum opening of the mouth was significantly reduced in the skeletal Class III subjects compared with Class I and Class II subjects. Significant correlations were also found among the median lingual frenulum length, maximum mouth opening reduction, and the cephalometric variables such as the SNB and ANB angles, Wits appraisal, mandibular length, and the interincisal angle.
The present study supports the hypothesis that skeletal Class III malocclusion is related to long median lingual frenulum or a tongue-tie tendency. Patients diagnosed with tongue-tie might have a tendency toward skeletal Class III malocclusion.
本研究的目的是确定舌系带长度与颅面形态之间的关系，并验证以下假设：骨性 III 类错颌与舌系带有关，即舌系带过短限制了舌头的活动度。
本研究样本包括 50 例骨性 I 类患者（0°<ANB 角<4°）、50 例骨性 II 类患者（ANB 角>4°）和 50 例骨性 III 类患者（ANB 角<0°）。采用直接和间接测量方法来量化舌系带的长度。使用舌系带尺直接测量舌系带的长度，通过测量舌尖触及切牙乳头时的最大张口度与不触及切牙乳头时的最大张口度之间的差值来间接评估舌系带的长度。对每位患者拍摄侧位头颅侧位片，并使用计算机头影测量分析来评估颅面形态。采用方差分析（ANOVA）比较 3 组之间的差异。采用 Pearson 相关分析来检测舌系带长度与头影测量变量之间的关系。
骨性 III 类患者的舌系带中位长度明显长于骨性 I 类和 II 类患者，骨性 III 类患者的最大张口度明显小于骨性 I 类和 II 类患者。同时还发现，舌系带中位长度、最大张口度减少量与 SNB 角、ANB 角、Wits 评价、下颌长度和上下切牙交角等头影测量变量之间存在显著相关性。
本研究支持骨性 III 类错颌与长中位舌系带或舌系带过紧倾向有关的假设。诊断为舌系带过紧的患者可能存在骨性 III 类错颌倾向。
