Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, 929 E. 57th St., Chicago, IL 60637, United States.
Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2011 Jun;21(3):370-8. doi: 10.1016/j.sbi.2011.03.004. Epub 2011 Mar 24.
Mobile DNA elements are found in all kingdoms of life, and they employ numerous mechanisms to move within and between genomes. Here we review recent structural advances in understanding two very different families of DNA transposases and retroviral integrases: the DDE and Y1 groups. Even within the DDE family which shares a conserved catalytic domain, there is great diversity in the architecture of the synaptic complexes formed by the intact enzymes with their cognate element-end DNAs. However, recurring themes arise from comparing these complexes, such as stabilization by an intertwined network of protein-DNA and protein-protein contacts, and catalysis in trans, where each active subunit catalyzes the chemical steps on one DNA segment but also binds specific sequences on the other.
移动 DNA 元件存在于所有生命领域,它们采用多种机制在基因组内和基因组间移动。在这里,我们回顾了最近在理解两种非常不同的 DNA 转座酶和逆转录病毒整合酶家族方面的结构进展:DDE 和 Y1 家族。即使在 DDE 家族中,其共享一个保守的催化结构域,但完整酶与其同源元件末端 DNA 形成的突触复合物的结构也存在很大差异。然而,通过比较这些复合物,会出现一些反复出现的主题,例如通过蛋白-DNA 和蛋白-蛋白相互作用的交织网络进行稳定,以及反式催化,其中每个活性亚基在一个 DNA 片段上催化化学步骤,但也结合另一个 DNA 片段上的特定序列。