Tealdi J C, Mainetti J A
Cátedra de Humanidades Médicas de Posgrado, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina.
Bol Oficina Sanit Panam. 1990 May-Jun;108(5-6):431-8.
Hospital ethics committees have arisen in response to the serious moral dilemmas that are becoming increasingly prevalent in medical practice. This article outlines the historical development of such committees by reviewing some celebrated cases and also categorizes the committees as ethical-praxeological, legal-scientific, or deontological-technical, according to their functions and structure. In addition, a description is given of the establishment of interdisciplinary committees in several health institutions in Argentina that deal with teaching, research, and consultation related to decision-making involving moral questions; case study and clinical ethics protocols; analysis of the relationship between health professionals and patients; and other related topics. Finally, based on their own experience in this field and knowledge of models employed in other countries, the authors offer theoretical, methodological, and administrative recommendations for the establishment of ethics committees.
医院伦理委员会的出现是为了应对医疗实践中日益普遍的严重道德困境。本文通过回顾一些著名案例概述了此类委员会的历史发展，并根据其功能和结构将委员会分为伦理实践型、法律科学型或道义技术型。此外，还介绍了阿根廷几家卫生机构中跨学科委员会的设立情况，这些委员会处理与涉及道德问题的决策相关的教学、研究和咨询；案例研究和临床伦理协议；卫生专业人员与患者之间关系的分析；以及其他相关主题。最后，基于作者在该领域的自身经验和对其他国家所采用模式的了解，为伦理委员会的设立提供了理论、方法和管理方面的建议。
