Washington National Primate Research Center and Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Dev Psychol. 2011 May;47(3):781-91. doi: 10.1037/a0022999.
We assessed developmental stability and context generalizability of temperament in pigtailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina) from the University of Washington Infant Primate Research Lab. A principal components analysis condensed 6 behavioral measures into 2 components, interpreted as reactivity and boldness. Changes in these measures over the 1st 10 months of development showed a trend toward calmer and bolder behavior with age, with significant individual variation in the pattern of change. Boldness showed a quadratic pattern of change, whereas reactivity decreased linearly. We also studied the relationship between temperament and response to a novelty probe. The magnitude of the response to the novelty probe decreased slightly over time, and boldness and reactivity in a familiar setting did not predict these changes in response to novelty. In a 2nd principal components analysis, reactivity to novelty represented a distinct aspect of temperament. Our results demonstrate developmental changes and context dependency in macaque behavior.
我们评估了华盛顿大学灵长类动物研究所的猪尾猕猴（Macaca nemestrina）的发育稳定性和气质的情境泛化能力。主成分分析将 6 项行为测量结果压缩为 2 个分量，解释为反应性和大胆性。在 10 个月的发育过程中，这些指标的变化呈现出随年龄增长而趋于平静和大胆的趋势，但变化模式存在显著的个体差异。大胆性呈二次变化模式，而反应性则呈线性下降。我们还研究了气质与对新奇探测的反应之间的关系。对新奇探测的反应随着时间的推移略有下降，而在熟悉环境中的大胆性和反应性并不能预测对新奇探测的这些变化。在第二个主成分分析中，对新奇的反应表现为气质的一个独特方面。我们的结果表明，猕猴的行为存在发育变化和情境依赖性。
