Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Psychol Aging. 2011 Jun;26(2):461-6. doi: 10.1037/a0021686.
The authors studied the effects of aging on the flexible use of categorization rules based on thematic and taxonomic relations. Two components of flexibility were distinguished: maintenance of a categorical relation, and switching between two relations. Results showed that age affects these two components. In older adults, an effect of the nature of the categorical relations to be used was revealed. Older adults demonstrated a specific difficulty in the flexible use of taxonomic relations. Moreover, all adults, independent of their age, showed better performance in maintaining the use of a categorical relation than in switching between two categorical relations.
作者研究了年龄对基于主题和分类关系的分类规则灵活使用的影响。灵活性有两个组成部分：维持分类关系和在两种关系之间切换。结果表明年龄会影响这两个组成部分。在老年人中，发现了要使用的分类关系的性质的影响。老年人在灵活使用分类关系方面表现出特定的困难。此外，所有成年人，无论其年龄大小，在维持使用分类关系方面的表现都优于在两种分类关系之间切换。
