指责与问责（一）：理解指责及指责病态行为
Blame and accountability 1: understanding blame and blame pathologies.
作者信息
O'Connor Nick, Kotze Beth, Wright Murray
机构信息
Sydney South West Area Mental Health Service, Australia.
出版信息
Australas Psychiatry. 2011 Apr;19(2):113-8. doi: 10.3109/10398562.2011.562296.
OBJECTIVE
In this first paper the role and dynamics of blame in the context of medical critical incidents is examined. Blame pathologies are described and the complex nature of medical adverse events and the environment are explored.
METHODS
The literature is examined and a case scenario explored.
RESULTS
Evidence regarding effects of a 'blame culture' on clinicians and organizations is presented. In an accompanying second paper the place of accountability in relation to clinicians and health organizations is elucidated.
CONCLUSIONS
The necessary conditions for an accountable, responsive, fair and transparent health culture are proposed.
目的
在这第一篇论文中，我们考察了在医疗危急事件背景下指责的作用和动态变化。描述了指责病理，并探讨了医疗不良事件和环境的复杂性。
方法
查阅文献并探讨一个案例。
结果
呈现了关于“指责文化”对临床医生和组织影响的证据。在随附的第二篇论文中，阐明了临床医生和卫生组织的问责问题。
结论
提出了建立一个有问责制、响应性、公平性和透明度的健康文化的必要条件。
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