Division of Neurobiology, Department Biology II, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Munich, Großhaderner Str. 2-4, D-82152 Martinsried-Planegg, Germany.
Hear Res. 2011 Sep;279(1-2):43-50. doi: 10.1016/j.heares.2011.03.013. Epub 2011 Apr 3.
The initial binaural processing in the superior olive represents the fastest computation known in the entire mammalian brain. Although the binaural system has to perform under very different and often highly dynamic acoustic conditions, the integration of binaural information in the superior olivary complex (SOC) has not been considered to be adaptive or dynamic itself. Recent evidence, however, shows that the initial processing of interaural level and interaural time differences relies on well-adjusted interactions of both the excitatory and the inhibitory projections, respectively. Under static conditions, these inputs seem to be tightly balanced, but may also require dynamic adjustment for proper function when the acoustic environment changes. GABA(B) receptors are at least one mechanism rendering the system more dynamic than considered so far. A comprehensive description of how binaural processing in the SOC is dynamically regulated by GABA(B) receptors in adults and in early development is important for understanding how spatial auditory processing changes with acoustic context.
在上橄榄核中，最初的双耳处理代表了整个哺乳动物大脑中已知的最快计算。尽管双耳系统必须在非常不同且通常高度动态的声学条件下运行，但在高级橄榄核复合体（SOC）中对双耳信息的整合本身并没有被认为是适应性或动态的。然而，最近的证据表明，对耳间水平和耳间时间差的初始处理依赖于兴奋性和抑制性投射的相互作用的良好调整。在静态条件下，这些输入似乎是紧密平衡的，但当声学环境发生变化时，它们也可能需要动态调整以正常工作。GABA(B) 受体至少是一种使系统比目前认为的更具动态性的机制。全面描述 GABA(B) 受体如何在成人和早期发育过程中动态调节 SOC 中的双耳处理，对于理解空间听觉处理如何随声学环境变化而变化非常重要。
