Ben-Arush Myriam Weyl
Pediatric Hematology Oncology Department, Meyer Children's Hospital, Rambam Medical Center, Technion Faculty of Medicine, Bat Galim Street, Haifa, Israel.
J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2011 Apr;33 Suppl 1:S56-9. doi: 10.1097/MPH.0b013e3182122047.
Pediatric cancer palliative care is characterized by diversity of care delivery models; effect of cancer on the family as the central focus of care and consideration of culture, spirituality, communication, and ethical standards. In Israel, children who are in palliative care are treated by the staff of the centers and about 70 to 80 % of the children are dying in the pediatric Hematology Oncology departments and units. Special efforts are also made in the pediatric departments in order to better treat adolescents in terminal phases. Palliative care education program in Israel was started several years ago together with adult palliative care specialists, the Israeli pediatric oncologists still witness many barriers for treatment amongst parents as well as in medical pediatric teams especially in pain management. During the last years, the Israeli pediatric palliative care teams improved the management of all symptoms in a dying child with special attention to existential, emotional and social demands of the child and the whole family. Education of the medical and nursing team is imperative, training in pharmacology and metabolism of antalgic drugs is also mandatory in order to better manage symptom control of the children at the end of life.
儿童癌症姑息治疗的特点是护理提供模式多样；将癌症对家庭的影响作为护理的核心重点，并考虑文化、精神、沟通和道德标准。在以色列，接受姑息治疗的儿童由各中心的工作人员进行治疗，约70%至80%的儿童在儿科血液肿瘤科室和病房死亡。儿科部门也做出了特别努力，以便更好地治疗处于终末期的青少年。以色列的姑息治疗教育项目于几年前与成人姑息治疗专家共同启动，以色列儿科肿瘤学家仍然看到家长以及儿科医疗团队在治疗方面存在许多障碍，尤其是在疼痛管理方面。在过去几年里，以色列儿科姑息治疗团队改善了对濒死儿童所有症状的管理，特别关注儿童及其整个家庭的生存、情感和社会需求。对医疗和护理团队进行教育势在必行，对抗痛药物的药理学和代谢进行培训也是必不可少的，以便更好地管理临终儿童的症状控制。
