Jáuregui Lobera Ignacio, Bolaños Ríos Patricia
Department of Nutrition and Bromatology, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain.
Patient Prefer Adherence. 2011 Mar 3;5:109-16. doi: 10.2147/PPA.S17452.
The objective was to examine how body image affects quality of life in an eating-disorder (ED) clinical sample, a non-ED clinical sample, and a nonclinical sample. We hypothesized that ED patients would show the worst body image quality of life. We also hypothesized that body image quality of life would have a stronger negative association with specific ED-related variables than with other psychological and psychopathological variables, mainly among ED patients. On the basis of previous studies, the influence of gender on the results was explored, too.
The final sample comprised 70 ED patients (mean age 22.65 ± 7.76 years; 59 women and 11 men); 106 were patients with other psychiatric disorders (mean age 28.20 ± 6.52; 67 women and 39 men), and 135 were university students (mean age 21.57 ± 2.58; 81 women and 54 men), with no psychiatric history. After having obtained informed consent, the following questionnaires were administered: Body Image Quality of Life Inventory-Spanish version (BIQLI-SP), Eating Disorders Inventory-2 (EDI-2), Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ), Self-Esteem Scale (SES), and Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R).
The ED patients' ratings on the BIQLI-SP were the lowest and negatively scored (BIQLI-SP means: +20.18, +5.14, and -6.18, in the student group, the non-ED patient group, and the ED group, respectively). The effect of body image on quality of life was more negative in the ED group in all items of the BIQLI-SP. Body image quality of life was negatively associated with specific ED-related variables, more than with other psychological and psychopathological variables, but not especially among ED patients.
Body image quality of life was affected not only by specific pathologies related to body image disturbances, but also by other psychopathological syndromes. Nevertheless, the greatest effect was related to ED, and seemed to be more negative among men. This finding is the opposite of that found in other groups studied previously.
本研究旨在探讨身体意象如何影响进食障碍（ED）临床样本、非进食障碍临床样本及非临床样本的生活质量。我们假设进食障碍患者的身体意象生活质量最差。我们还假设，主要在进食障碍患者中，身体意象生活质量与特定的进食障碍相关变量的负相关程度，会比与其他心理及精神病理变量的负相关程度更强。基于以往研究，我们还探讨了性别对结果的影响。
最终样本包括70名进食障碍患者（平均年龄22.65±7.76岁；59名女性，11名男性）；106名患有其他精神疾病的患者（平均年龄28.20±6.52岁；67名女性，39名男性），以及135名无精神病史的大学生（平均年龄21.57±2.58岁；81名女性，54名男性）。在获得知情同意后，发放了以下问卷：《身体意象生活质量量表 - 西班牙语版》（BIQLI - SP）、《进食障碍问卷 - 2》（EDI - 2）、《感知压力问卷》（PSQ）、《自尊量表》（SES）以及《症状自评量表 - 90修订版》（SCL - 90 - R）。
进食障碍患者在BIQLI - SP上的评分最低且为负（学生组、非进食障碍患者组及进食障碍组的BIQLI - SP平均分分别为 +20.18、+5.14和 -6.18）。在BIQLI - SP的所有项目中，身体意象对生活质量的影响在进食障碍组更为负面。身体意象生活质量与特定的进食障碍相关变量呈负相关，与其他心理及精神病理变量的负相关程度更高，但在进食障碍患者中并非特别明显。
身体意象生活质量不仅受到与身体意象紊乱相关的特定病理因素影响，还受到其他精神病理综合征的影响。然而，最大的影响与进食障碍相关，且在男性中似乎更为负面。这一发现与之前研究的其他群体的结果相反。
