Department of Chemical Engineering and Department of Bionanotechnology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 426-791, Republic of Korea.
J Biomed Mater Res A. 2011 Jun 1;97(3):292-9. doi: 10.1002/jbm.a.33056. Epub 2011 Mar 29.
Decellularized tissues composed of extracellular matrix (ECM) have been clinically used to support the regeneration of various human tissues and organs. Most decellularized tissues so far have been derived from animals or cadavers. Therefore, despite the many advantages of decellularized tissue, there are concerns about the potential for immunogenicity and the possible presence of infectious agents. Herein, we present a biomaterial composed of ECM derived from human adipose tissue, the most prevalent, expendable, and safely harvested tissue in the human body. The ECM was extracted by successive physical, chemical, and enzymatic treatments of human adipose tissue isolated by liposuction. Cellular components including nucleic acids were effectively removed without significant disruption of the morphology or structure of the ECM. Major ECM components were quantified, including acid/pepsin-soluble collagen, sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG), and soluble elastin. In an in vivo experiment using mice, the decellularized ECM graft exhibited good compatibility to surrounding tissues. Overall results suggest that the decellularized ECM containing biological and chemical cues of native human ECM could be an ideal scaffold material not only for autologous but also for allograft tissue engineering.
脱细胞组织由细胞外基质（ECM）组成，已在临床上用于支持各种人体组织和器官的再生。迄今为止，大多数脱细胞组织都来自动物或尸体。因此，尽管脱细胞组织有许多优点，但人们仍担心其免疫原性和可能存在感染性病原体的问题。在此，我们介绍了一种由人脂肪组织来源的细胞外基质组成的生物材料，脂肪组织是人体中最常见、可消耗和安全采集的组织。通过对吸脂术分离的人脂肪组织进行连续的物理、化学和酶处理，提取细胞外基质。有效地去除了细胞成分，包括核酸，而不会显著破坏细胞外基质的形态或结构。对主要的细胞外基质成分进行了定量分析，包括酸/胃蛋白酶可溶胶原、硫酸化糖胺聚糖（GAG）和可溶弹性蛋白。在一项使用小鼠的体内实验中，脱细胞细胞外基质移植物与周围组织表现出良好的相容性。总体结果表明，含有天然人细胞外基质生物和化学线索的脱细胞细胞外基质可以成为理想的支架材料，不仅可用于自体组织工程，也可用于同种异体组织工程。
