Division of Immunoregulation, The MRC National Institute for Medical Research, London, UK.
Mucosal Immunol. 2011 May;4(3):261-70. doi: 10.1038/mi.2011.7. Epub 2011 Mar 30.
During gaseous exchange the lungs are exposed to a vast variety of pathogens, allergens, and innocuous particles. A feature of the lung immune response to lung-tropic aerosol-transmitted bacteria such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is a balanced immune response that serves to restrict pathogen growth while not leading to host-mediated collateral damage of the delicate lung tissues. One immune-limiting mechanism is the inhibitory and anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10. IL-10 is made by many hematopoietic cells and a major role is to suppress macrophage and dendritic cell (DC) functions, which are required for the capture, control, and initiation of immune responses to pathogens such as Mtb. Here, we review the role of IL-10 on bacterial control during the course of Mtb infection, from early innate to adaptive immune responses. We propose that IL-10 is linked with the ability of Mtb to evade immune responses and mediate long-term infections in the lung.
在气体交换过程中，肺部会接触到各种各样的病原体、过敏原和无害颗粒。肺部对肺部嗜性气溶胶传播细菌（如结核分枝杆菌（Mtb））的免疫反应的一个特征是平衡的免疫反应，它既能限制病原体的生长，又不会导致宿主对脆弱的肺部组织造成中介损伤。一种免疫限制机制是抑制性和抗炎细胞因子白细胞介素（IL）-10。IL-10 由许多造血细胞产生，其主要作用是抑制巨噬细胞和树突状细胞（DC）的功能，这些细胞对于捕获、控制和启动对病原体（如 Mtb）的免疫反应是必需的。在这里，我们回顾了 IL-10 在 Mtb 感染过程中对细菌控制的作用，从早期的先天免疫到适应性免疫反应。我们提出，IL-10 与 Mtb 逃避免疫反应并在肺部介导长期感染的能力有关。
