Long-term effects of foetal undernutrition on intermediary metabolism in growing lambs.

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of foetal undernutrition on the metabolism in growing lambs. Seven-month-old lambs whose mothers had been fed either restrictively (RN; n = 14) or adequately (AN; n = 6) in late gestation were fasted for three days. One hour before fasting and after 48 h and 72 h fasting, changes in plasma concentrations of metabolites, i.e. glucose, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), 3-beta-hydroxybutyrate (BOHB) and urea as well as hormones, i.e. insulin, the insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) and leptin, were determined. Blood glucose, NEFA, urea, insulin, IGF-I and leptin were not different between the two groups of lambs. Unexpectedly, at the end of the 3 d fasting, in spite of lower NEFA concentration (1.6 +/- 0.03 vs. 1.9 +/- 0.05 mM in Groups RN and AN, respectively), the BOHB concentration in RN lambs (0.94 +/- 0.02 mM) was significantly higher than that in AN lambs (0.78 +/- 0.04 mM). This higher rate of BOHB production might be interpreted as perturbations in ketone body metabolism potentially induced by undernutrition during foetal life. However, more investigations are necessary to clarify this interrelationship.