Choi Kihwan, Kim Jihye, Chung Doo Soo
Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Bioanalysis. 2011 Apr;3(7):799-815. doi: 10.4155/bio.11.3.
Bioanalysis usually requires a preparation procedure for sample cleanup or preconcentration. Conventional sample preparation techniques are often time consuming and labor intensive. Among recent progress in sample preparation, single drop microextraction (SDME) is one of the most efficient techniques providing both sample cleanup and preconcentration capabilities. In SDME, analytes are extracted from a sample solution into an acceptor drop and the drop is introduced to subsequent analysis. Since the volume of the acceptor drop is 1-10 µl or less, the consumption of solvents can be minimized and the preconcentration effect is enhanced. In this review, the basic principles of two-phase and three-phase SDME are described briefly and then recently developed modes of SDME, coupling with analytical instruments, and methods to enhance the drop stability are discussed. Recent applications of SDME to biological samples, including urine, blood and saliva, for the analysis of drugs, metal ions and biomarkers are reviewed.
生物分析通常需要一个用于样品净化或预浓缩的制备程序。传统的样品制备技术往往既耗时又费力。在样品制备的最新进展中，单滴微萃取（SDME）是最有效的技术之一，它兼具样品净化和预浓缩能力。在SDME中，分析物从样品溶液中萃取到接受液滴中，然后将该液滴引入后续分析。由于接受液滴的体积为1 - 10微升或更小，因此溶剂消耗可降至最低，预浓缩效果得以增强。在本综述中，简要描述了两相和三相SDME的基本原理，然后讨论了SDME的最新发展模式、与分析仪器的联用以及增强液滴稳定性的方法。综述了SDME在生物样品（包括尿液、血液和唾液）分析药物、金属离子和生物标志物方面的最新应用。
