Wikler K C, Rakic P
Section of Neuroanatomy, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
J Neurosci. 1990 Oct;10(10):3390-401. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.10-10-03390.1990.
We have used antibodies specific to either the red/green-or blue-sensitive cones in order to compare their ratio and distributions to that of the rods in the retinae of 3 primate species that differ in their capacity for color vision. We have found that the monoclonal antibody CSA-1 (Johnson and Hageman, 1988) and the polyclonal antibody 4942A, specific to the red- and green-cone opsin (Lerea et al., 1989), applied to retinal whole-mounts labeled approximately 90% of all cones in the diurnal Old-World rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) and all of the cones in the nocturnal New-World owl monkey (Aotus trivirgatus) and nocturnal prosimian bushbaby (Galago garnetti). The polyclonal antibody 108B, specific to the blue-cone opsin (Lerea et al., 1989), labeled about 10% of the cones across the entire surface of the rhesus monkey retina, but failed to label any cones in the retina of the 2 nocturnal species. Only the retina of the rhesus monkey possessed an all-cone foveola in which the density of cone inner segments was 17-fold greater than that in the fovea of the owl monkey or bushbaby retina. Surprisingly, the density of cones per unit area outside of the fovea was comparable in all 3 species. Rod density in the dorsal retina was elevated in all animals examined, but was 2-3 times greater in the nocturnal species than in the rhesus monkey retina. Application of the photoreceptor-class-specific antibodies may provide further insights into the evolution and development of wavelength sensitivity in the retina, as well as enhance our understanding of normal and abnormal color vision in humans.
我们使用了针对红/绿敏感视锥细胞或蓝敏感视锥细胞的特异性抗体，以便比较三种颜色视觉能力不同的灵长类动物视网膜中视锥细胞与视杆细胞的比例及分布。我们发现，针对红视锥蛋白和绿视锥蛋白的单克隆抗体CSA-1（约翰逊和哈格曼，1988年）以及多克隆抗体4942A（莱雷亚等人，1989年），应用于视网膜整装片时，能标记昼行性旧世界恒河猴（猕猴）中约90%的视锥细胞，以及夜行性新世界夜猴（阿氏夜猴）和夜行性原猴类婴猴（加纳婴猴）中的所有视锥细胞。针对蓝视锥蛋白的多克隆抗体108B（莱雷亚等人，1989年），能标记恒河猴视网膜整个表面约10%的视锥细胞，但未能标记这两种夜行性物种视网膜中的任何视锥细胞。只有恒河猴的视网膜拥有全视锥小凹，其中视锥细胞内段的密度比夜猴或婴猴视网膜中央凹处的密度大17倍。令人惊讶的是，在所有这三个物种中，中央凹以外单位面积的视锥细胞密度相当。在所检查的所有动物中，背侧视网膜的视杆细胞密度都有所升高，但在夜行性物种中比在恒河猴视网膜中高2至3倍。应用光感受器类别特异性抗体可能会为视网膜中波长敏感性的进化与发育提供进一步的见解，同时增进我们对人类正常和异常色觉的理解。
