Department of Physiotherapy, Falu Hospital, SE-791 82 Falun, Sweden.
Respir Med. 2011 Aug;105(8):1153-9. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2011.03.006. Epub 2011 Mar 31.
The term dysfunctional breathing (DB) has been introduced to describe patients who display divergent breathing patterns and have breathing problems that cannot be attributed to a specific medical diagnosis. Patients with DB are often misdiagnosed as having asthma.
To describe patients with DB, five years after a breathing retraining intervention.
Out of initially 25 patients with DB and 25 age and sex-matched patients with asthma, 22 patients with DB and 23 patients with asthma (ages 25-78 years) were followed up after five years. Data were collected from posted self-report questionnaires. Only patients with DB had received breathing retraining, consisting of information, advice and diaphragmatic breathing. Patients were evaluated regarding quality of life (SF-36), anxiety, depression, sense of coherence, hyperventilation, influence on daily life, emergency room (ER) visits, and symptoms associated with DB.
Quality of life (SF-36), physical component summary scale (PCS), had improved in patients with DB from 43 to 47 (p = 0.03). The number of ER visits had decreased from 18 to 2 in patients with DB (p = 0.02). Symptoms associated with DB had decreased extensively, from a mean score of 6.9 to 2.7, on a DB criterion list (p < 0.001). Patients with DB were less impaired by their breathing problems both in daily life and when exercising (p < 0.001). The only difference found over time in the asthma group concerned quality of health, bodily pain, which had deteriorated, from 77 to 68 (p = 0.049).
This five-year follow-up study indicates that patients with dysfunctional breathing benefit from breathing retraining.
“功能障碍性呼吸（DB）”一词被用来描述表现出不同呼吸模式且呼吸问题不能归因于特定医学诊断的患者。DB 患者常被误诊为哮喘。
描述呼吸训练干预五年后 DB 患者的情况。
最初的 25 例 DB 患者和 25 例年龄和性别匹配的哮喘患者中，22 例 DB 患者和 23 例哮喘患者（年龄 25-78 岁）在五年后进行了随访。数据来自邮寄的自我报告问卷收集。只有 DB 患者接受了呼吸训练，包括信息、建议和膈式呼吸。对患者的生活质量（SF-36）、焦虑、抑郁、心理一致感、过度通气、对日常生活的影响、急诊室（ER）就诊次数以及与 DB 相关的症状进行评估。
DB 患者的生活质量（SF-36）、生理成分综合评分（PCS）从 43 分提高到 47 分（p=0.03）。DB 患者的 ER 就诊次数从 18 次减少到 2 次（p=0.02）。DB 患者的 DB 相关症状显著减少，从平均 6.9 分降至 2.7 分（p<0.001）。DB 患者在日常生活和运动时受呼吸问题的影响明显减轻（p<0.001）。哮喘组唯一发现的随时间变化的差异是健康质量、身体疼痛，从 77 分下降到 68 分（p=0.049）。
这项为期五年的随访研究表明，DB 患者从呼吸训练中获益。
