York Centre for Vision Research, Canadian Action and Perception Network, and Departments of Psychology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M3J 1P3.
Annu Rev Neurosci. 2011;34:309-31. doi: 10.1146/annurev-neuro-061010-113749.
Much of the central nervous system is involved in visuomotor transformations for goal-directed gaze and reach movements. These transformations are often described in terms of stimulus location, gaze fixation, and reach endpoints, as viewed through the lens of translational geometry. Here, we argue that the intrinsic (primarily rotational) 3-D geometry of the eye-head-reach systems determines the spatial relationship between extrinsic goals and effector commands, and therefore the required transformations. This approach provides a common theoretical framework for understanding both gaze and reach control. Combined with an assessment of the behavioral, neurophysiological, imaging, and neuropsychological literature, this framework leads us to conclude that (a) the internal representation and updating of visual goals are dominated by gaze-centered mechanisms, but (b) these representations must then be transformed as a function of eye and head orientation signals into effector-specific 3-D movement commands.
中枢神经系统的很大一部分参与了有目标的眼球运动和伸手运动的视动转换。这些转换通常根据平移几何的视角，通过刺激位置、凝视固定和伸手终点来描述。在这里，我们认为眼-头-手系统的固有（主要是旋转）3D 几何形状决定了外在目标和效应器命令之间的空间关系，因此需要进行转换。这种方法为理解眼球运动和伸手运动控制提供了一个共同的理论框架。结合对行为、神经生理学、成像和神经心理学文献的评估，该框架使我们得出以下结论：（a）视觉目标的内部表示和更新主要由注视中心机制主导，但（b）这些表示必须根据眼睛和头部方向信号转换为特定于效应器的 3D 运动命令。
