Advanced Drug Delivery Group, The University of Sydney, Australia.
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2011 May 30;63(6):406-16. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2011.03.011. Epub 2011 Mar 30.
This review focuses on bottom-up processes such as precipitation (or crystallisation) and single droplet evaporation to produce nanoparticles containing largely pure therapeutics for pharmaceutical applications. Suitable precipitation techniques involve the use of high-gravity, confined impinging liquid jet mixing, multi-inlet vortex mixing, supercritical fluids, and ultrasonic waves. Droplet evaporation methods are spray-based, including nanospray drying, aerosol flow reactor method, spraying of low-boiling point solvent under ambient conditions and electrospraying of low-electrical conducting solutions. A key to the success of yielding stable nanoparticles in these various techniques is to control the particle growth kinetics through evaporation rate of the droplets or mixing rate during precipitation.
本综述重点介绍了自下而上的过程，如沉淀（或结晶）和单液滴蒸发，以生产含有大量纯治疗药物的纳米颗粒，用于药物应用。合适的沉淀技术包括使用高重力、受限撞击液流混合、多入口旋流混合、超临界流体和超声波。液滴蒸发方法是喷雾型的，包括纳米喷雾干燥、气溶胶流动反应器法、在环境条件下喷雾低沸点溶剂和低电导率溶液的静电喷雾。在这些各种技术中成功产生稳定纳米颗粒的关键是通过液滴的蒸发速率或沉淀过程中的混合速率来控制颗粒生长动力学。
