Department of Psychological Studies, The Hong Kong Institute of Education, Tai Po, Hong Kong.
J Pain Symptom Manage. 2011 Sep;42(3):470-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2010.12.009. Epub 2011 Mar 31.
Pain beliefs as indexed by the Survey of Pain Attitudes (SOPA) have been consistently shown to predict pain adjustment outcomes in Western populations. However, its utility in non-Western populations is unclear.
We evaluated the construct and predictive validity of the Chinese version of the 14-item SOPA (ChSOPA-14) in a sample of Chinese patients with chronic pain.
A total of 208 Chinese patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain completed the ChSOPA-14, the Chronic Pain Grade questionnaire, the Pain Catastrophizing Scale, the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale, and measures of sociodemographic characteristics.
Except Medical Cure, all ChSOPA-14 scales were significantly correlated with validity criterion measures (all P<0.05) in expected directions. The present Chinese sample scored the highest on the Medical Cure scale (mean=2.98, standard deviation [SD]=1.05) but the lowest on the Disability scale (mean=1.75, SD=1.67). Results of hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed that the ChSOPA-14 scales predicted concurrent depression (F(7,177)=14.51, P<0.001) and pain disability (F(7,180)=8.77, P<0.001). Pain Control (stdβ [standardized beta coefficient]=-0.13; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -3.41, -0.13; P<0.05) and Emotion (stdβ=29; 95% CI: 1.76, 5.02; P<0.001) emerged as significant independent predictors of concurrent depression whereas Disability (stdβ=0.19; 95% CI: 1.33, 7.88; P<0.01), Emotion (stdβ=16; 95% CI: 0.08, 7.59; P<0.05), and Solicitude (stdβ=-0.14; 95% CI: -7.05, -0.04; P<0.05) significantly associated with concurrent disability.
The findings offer preliminary evidence for the construct and concurrent predictive validity of the ChSOPA-14. This makes available a suitable instrument for chronic pain in the Chinese population and will facilitate future cross-cultural research on pain beliefs.
疼痛态度调查（SOPA）所评估的疼痛信念一直被证明可以预测西方人群的疼痛调整结果。然而，它在非西方人群中的效用尚不清楚。
我们评估了慢性疼痛中国患者样本中 14 项 SOPA 中文版（ChSOPA-14）的结构和预测效度。
共有 208 名患有慢性肌肉骨骼疼痛的中国患者完成了 ChSOPA-14、慢性疼痛分级问卷、疼痛灾难化量表、流行病学研究中心抑郁量表以及社会人口统计学特征的测量。
除医疗治愈外，ChSOPA-14 的所有量表均与有效性标准测量值呈显著相关（均 P<0.05），且方向与预期一致。本研究中的中国样本在医疗治愈量表上得分最高（平均值=2.98，标准差[SD]=1.05），但在残疾量表上得分最低（平均值=1.75，SD=1.67）。层次多重回归分析的结果表明，ChSOPA-14 量表预测了同时发生的抑郁（F（7,177）=14.51，P<0.001）和疼痛残疾（F（7,180）=8.77，P<0.001）。疼痛控制（标准β[标准化β系数] = -0.13；95%置信区间[CI]：-3.41，-0.13；P<0.05）和情绪（标准β=29；95% CI：1.76，5.02；P<0.001）是同时发生的抑郁的显著独立预测因子，而残疾（标准β=0.19；95% CI：1.33，7.88；P<0.01）、情绪（标准β=16；95% CI：0.08，7.59；P<0.05）和关怀（标准β= -0.14；95% CI：-7.05，-0.04；P<0.05）与同时发生的残疾显著相关。
这些发现为 ChSOPA-14 的结构和同时预测效度提供了初步证据。这为中国人群的慢性疼痛提供了一种合适的工具，并将促进未来关于疼痛信念的跨文化研究。
