Wright A D, Hale P J, Singh B M, Kilvert J A, Nattrass M, FitzGerald M G
General Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
Diabet Med. 1990 Aug;7(7):628-32. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.1990.tb01462.x.
An annual audit of diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar non-ketotic state was made in one hospital from 1971 to 1988. There were 846 episodes of ketoacidosis and 126 episodes of hyperosmolar state. A relative fall occurred in the number of episodes of ketoacidosis compared with hyperosmolar state over this time (p less than 0.05), and there was a change of female:male ratio for episodes of ketoacidosis occurring in established diabetes from 2.79 to 1.59 (p less than 0.01). In contrast the female:male ratio remained unchanged (mean 1.16) for episodes of hyperosmolar state and remained less than 1.0 for all episodes of ketoacidosis in previously undiagnosed diabetes mellitus. Among patients who suffered recurrent ketoacidosis there was a reduction in the number of episodes occurring in female patients and an increase in the number of episodes occurring in male patients in each successive 6-year period with consequent change in female:male ratio for this subgroup from 7.33 to 4.75 to 1.12 (p less than 0.001).
1971年至1988年期间，一家医院对糖尿病酮症酸中毒和高渗非酮症状态进行了年度审计。酮症酸中毒发作846次，高渗状态发作126次。在此期间，与高渗状态相比，酮症酸中毒发作次数相对下降（p<0.05），且已确诊糖尿病患者中酮症酸中毒发作的女性与男性比例从2.79变为1.59（p<0.01）。相比之下，高渗状态发作的女性与男性比例保持不变（平均1.16），而既往未诊断糖尿病的所有酮症酸中毒发作的女性与男性比例仍小于1.0。在反复发生酮症酸中毒的患者中，每连续6年女性患者发作次数减少，男性患者发作次数增加，该亚组的女性与男性比例随之从7.33变为4.75再变为1.12（p<0.001）。
