State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Protein Cell. 2011 Mar;2(3):215-22. doi: 10.1007/s13238-011-1019-0. Epub 2011 Apr 1.
The fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, is able to discriminate visual landmarks and form visual long-term memory in a flight simulator. Studies focused on the molecular mechanism of long-term memory have shown that memory formation requires mRNA transcription and protein synthesis. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying the visual learning paradigm. The present study demonstrated that both spaced training procedure (STP) and consecutive training procedure (CTP) would induce long-term memory at 12 hour after training, and STP caused significantly higher 12-h memory scores compared with CTP. Label-free quantification of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and microarray were utilized to analyze proteomic and transcriptomic differences between the STP and CTP groups. Proteomic analysis revealed 30 up-regulated and 27 down-regulated proteins; Transcriptomic analysis revealed 145 up-regulated and 129 down-regulated genes. Among them, five candidate genes were verified by quantitative PCR, which revealed results similar to microarray. These results provide insight into the molecular components influencing visual long-term memory and facilitate further studies on the roles of identified genes in memory formation.
果蝇（Drosophila melanogaster）能够在飞行模拟器中辨别视觉地标并形成视觉长期记忆。关注长期记忆分子机制的研究表明，记忆的形成需要 mRNA 转录和蛋白质合成。然而，对于视觉学习范式的分子机制知之甚少。本研究表明，间隔训练程序（STP）和连续训练程序（CTP）都会在训练后 12 小时诱导长期记忆，并且 STP 引起的 12 小时记忆评分明显高于 CTP。无标记定量液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）和微阵列用于分析 STP 和 CTP 组之间的蛋白质组学和转录组学差异。蛋白质组学分析显示 30 个上调和 27 个下调蛋白；转录组学分析显示 145 个上调和 129 个下调基因。其中，通过定量 PCR 验证了 5 个候选基因，其结果与微阵列相似。这些结果为影响视觉长期记忆的分子成分提供了深入了解，并有助于进一步研究鉴定基因在记忆形成中的作用。
