Aarhus Centre for Environmental Stress Research (ACES), Ecology and Genetics Department of Biology, University of Aarhus, Ny Munkegade, Aarhus C, Denmark.
J Evol Biol. 2009 May;22(5):1111-22. doi: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2009.01725.x.
We addressed the question if local adaptation to a thermal gradient is possible in spite of a high gene flow among closely spaced populations of two species of Drosophila from the island of La Gomera (Canary Islands). Variation in multiple traits related to stress resistance in different life stages was measured in both species in flies collected from five localities at different altitudes and thereby with different climatic conditions. Based on microsatellite loci, the populations were not genetically differentiated. However, 18 of the 24 independent traits measured showed significant differentiation among populations of Drosophila buzzatii, but only nine of 25 for Drosophila simulans. This difference in the number of traits might reflect higher habitat specificity and thus higher potential for local adaptation of D. buzzatii than D. simulans. We found clinal variation, as some traits showed significant linear regressions on altitude, but more on altitude cubed.
我们探讨了一个问题，即在两个密切相关的果蝇物种（来自加那利群岛拉戈梅拉岛的果蝇）种群之间存在高度基因流的情况下，是否可能发生对热梯度的局部适应。在不同海拔的五个不同地理位置采集的果蝇中，测量了与不同生命阶段的应激抗性相关的多个性状的变异。基于微卫星基因座，这些种群没有遗传分化。然而，在所测量的 24 个独立性状中，18 个表现出了 Drosophila buzzatii 种群之间的显著分化，但只有 9 个表现出了 Drosophila simulans 种群之间的分化。这种性状数量的差异可能反映了 D. buzzatii 比 D. simulans 更高的栖息地特异性和因此更高的局部适应潜力。我们发现了渐增变异，因为一些性状与海拔呈显著的线性回归，但与海拔立方的关系更显著。
