Unidad de Bioquímica, Departamento de Biotecnología, E T S Ingenieros Agrónomos, Universidad Politécnica, Madrid, Spain.
J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2011;21(2):81-92; quiz 94.
Baker's asthma is a frequent occupational allergic disease caused mainly by inhalation of cereal flour, particularly wheat flour. This review deals with the current diagnosis and immunomodulatory treatments, as well as the role of wheat allergens as molecular tools to enhance management and knowledge of this disease. The review also discusses the current status of several salt-soluble proteins (albumins and globulins)--cereal alpha-amylase/trypsin inhibitors, peroxidase, thioredoxin, nonspecific lipid transfer protein, serine proteinase inhibitor, and thaumatin-like protein-as well as salt-insoluble storage proteins (prolamins, namely, gliadins and glutenins) as allergens associated with baker's asthma. Finally, current limitations to using these proteins as molecular tools for diagnosis and immunotherapy are highlighted.
贝克氏哮喘是一种常见的职业性过敏性疾病，主要由谷物面粉（尤其是小麦面粉）吸入引起。本综述涉及目前的诊断和免疫调节治疗，以及小麦过敏原作为分子工具来增强对这种疾病的管理和认识的作用。本文还讨论了几种盐溶性蛋白（白蛋白和球蛋白）——谷物α-淀粉酶/胰蛋白酶抑制剂、过氧化物酶、硫氧还蛋白、非特异性脂质转移蛋白、丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂和覃蛋白样蛋白，以及盐不溶性贮藏蛋白（醇溶蛋白，即麦醇溶蛋白和麦谷蛋白）作为与贝克氏哮喘相关的过敏原的现状。最后，强调了目前将这些蛋白作为诊断和免疫治疗的分子工具使用的局限性。
