Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
J Anim Ecol. 2011 May;80(3):505-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2011.01838.x.
Most predictions about species responses to climate change ignore species interactions. Helland and colleagues (2011) test whether this assumption is valid by evaluating whether ice cover affects competition between brown trout [Salmo trutta (L.)] and Arctic charr [Salvelinus alpines (L.)]. They show that increasing ice cover correlates with lower trout biomass when Arctic charr co-occur, but not in charr's absence. In experiments, charr grew better in the cold, dark environments that typify ice-covered lakes. Decreasing ice cover with warmer winters could mean more trout and fewer charr. More generally, their results provide an excellent example, suggesting that species interactions can strongly modify responses to climate change.
大多数关于物种对气候变化响应的预测都忽略了物种间的相互作用。Helland 及其同事（2011）通过评估冰盖是否会影响褐鳟（Salmo trutta（L.））和北极红点鲑（Salvelinus alpines（L.））之间的竞争，来检验这一假设是否成立。他们发现，当北极红点鲑共存时，冰盖增加与鳟鱼生物量减少相关，但在没有红点鲑时则不相关。在实验中，红点鲑在典型的覆冰湖泊的寒冷、黑暗环境中生长得更好。随着冬季变暖，冰盖减少可能意味着鳟鱼更多，红点鲑更少。更一般地说，他们的结果提供了一个很好的例子，表明物种间的相互作用可以强烈改变对气候变化的响应。
