美国海鲜工人的癌症和非癌症死亡率。
Cancer and noncancer mortality among American seafood workers.
机构信息
Epidemiology Department, School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
出版信息
J Epidemiol. 2011;21(3):204-10. doi: 10.2188/jea.je20100147. Epub 2011 Apr 2.
BACKGROUND
Few studies have investigated mortality in seafood workers worldwide, and no such study has been conducted in the United States. The objective of this study was to investigate mortality in American seafood workers.
METHODS
The study population was derived from 4 states and consisted of 4116 subjects who worked mainly in seafood processing plants. They were followed up from 1966 to 2003. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and proportional mortality ratios (PMRs) were estimated, using the US general population for comparison.
RESULTS
About 45% of the cohort was born after 1949. A total of 788 deaths were recorded; 53% of the decedents were female, and 88% were white. The SMRs for stomach cancer and disorders of the thyroid gland in the cohort as a whole were 2.1 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-3.8) and 6.1 (95% CI 1.3-18.0), respectively. The SMRs for breast cancer, and occlusion/stenosis of the pre-cerebral/cerebral arteries in the cohort as a whole were 0.5 (95% CI, 0.3-0.9) and 0.5 (95% CI, 0.2-0.8), respectively. The SMR for ischemic heart disease in white females was 0.8 (95% CI, 0.6-0.9).
CONCLUSIONS
This cohort had excess deaths from stomach cancer and disorders of the thyroid gland, and deficit of deaths from breast cancer, stroke and ischemic heart disease. The significance of these findings is unknown, especially as less than 20% of the cohort were deceased. Nevertheless, the cohort is unique and important, and further follow-up may shed more light on mortality patterns in this occupational group.
背景
全球范围内仅有少数研究调查了海鲜工人的死亡率，而在美国则没有此类研究。本研究旨在调查美国海鲜工人的死亡率。
方法
该研究人群来自 4 个州，共包含 4116 名主要在海鲜加工厂工作的工人。他们的随访时间从 1966 年持续到 2003 年。使用美国总人口作为对照，计算标准化死亡率（SMR）和比例死亡率（PMR）。
结果
该队列中约有 45%的人出生于 1949 年以后。共记录到 788 例死亡，其中 53%的死者为女性，88%为白人。该队列的胃癌和甲状腺疾病的 SMR 分别为 2.1（95%置信区间[CI]，1.1-3.8）和 6.1（95%CI 1.3-18.0）。乳腺癌和大脑前/内动脉闭塞/狭窄的 SMR 分别为 0.5（95%CI，0.3-0.9）和 0.5（95%CI，0.2-0.8）。白人女性的缺血性心脏病 SMR 为 0.8（95%CI，0.6-0.9）。
结论
该队列中胃癌和甲状腺疾病的死亡人数过多，而乳腺癌、中风和缺血性心脏病的死亡人数过少。这些发现的意义尚不清楚，特别是因为该队列中不到 20%的人已经死亡。然而，该队列是独特且重要的，进一步的随访可能会更清楚地揭示该职业群体的死亡率模式。
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