GPR55 调节人中性粒细胞中大麻素 2 受体介导的反应。
GPR55 regulates cannabinoid 2 receptor-mediated responses in human neutrophils.
机构信息
Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 4, Graz A-8010, Austria.
出版信息
Cell Res. 2011 Oct;21(10):1452-69. doi: 10.1038/cr.2011.60. Epub 2011 Apr 5.
The directional migration of neutrophils towards inflammatory mediators, such as chemokines and cannabinoids, occurs via the activation of seven transmembrane G protein coupled receptors (7TM/GPCRs) and is a highly organized process. A crucial role for controlling neutrophil migration has been ascribed to the cannabinoid CB(2) receptor (CB(2)R), but additional modulatory sites distinct from CB(2)R have recently been suggested to impact CB(2)R-mediated effector functions in neutrophils. Here, we provide evidence that the recently de-orphanized 7TM/GPCR GPR55 potently modulates CB(2)R-mediated responses. We show that GPR55 is expressed in human blood neutrophils and its activation augments the migratory response towards the CB(2)R agonist 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), while inhibiting neutrophil degranulation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Using HEK293 and HL60 cell lines, along with primary neutrophils, we show that GPR55 and CB(2)R interfere with each other's signaling pathways at the level of small GTPases, such as Rac2 and Cdc42. This ultimately leads to cellular polarization and efficient migration as well as abrogation of degranulation and ROS formation in neutrophils. Therefore, GPR55 limits the tissue-injuring inflammatory responses mediated by CB(2)R, while it synergizes with CB(2)R in recruiting neutrophils to sites of inflammation.
中性粒细胞向趋化因子和大麻素等炎症介质的定向迁移是通过激活七跨膜 G 蛋白偶联受体(7TM/GPCR)实现的,这是一个高度组织化的过程。大麻素 CB(2)受体(CB(2)R)在控制中性粒细胞迁移中起着至关重要的作用,但最近有研究表明,除了 CB(2)R 以外,还有其他调节位点会影响 CB(2)R 介导的中性粒细胞效应功能。在这里,我们提供的证据表明,最近被去孤儿化的 7TM/GPCR GPR55 能有力地调节 CB(2)R 介导的反应。我们发现 GPR55 在人血中性粒细胞中表达,其激活增强了对 CB(2)R 激动剂 2-花生四烯酸甘油(2-AG)的迁移反应,同时抑制中性粒细胞脱颗粒和活性氧(ROS)的产生。使用 HEK293 和 HL60 细胞系以及原代中性粒细胞,我们表明 GPR55 和 CB(2)R 在小 GTPase(如 Rac2 和 Cdc42)水平上相互干扰其信号通路。这最终导致细胞极化和有效迁移,并消除中性粒细胞的脱颗粒和 ROS 的形成。因此,GPR55 限制了由 CB(2)R 介导的组织损伤性炎症反应,同时与 CB(2)R 协同作用将中性粒细胞募集到炎症部位。